BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
URL: http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-2046-en.html
The Comparison of the Resiliency and Psychological Risk Factors between the Youth of Smokers and Non-smokers
I. Rahimian Boogar[1], S.M. Tabatabaee[2], N. Nikaeen[3]
Received: 20/01/2014 Sent for Revision: 05/02/2014 Received Revised Manuscript: 16/07/2014 Accepted: 05/08/2014
Background and Objective: Smoking is a main factor for incidence and progression of the chronic diseases and their related adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare the resiliency and psychological risk factors between the youth of smokers and non-smokers.
Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional descriptive plan, among the youth of Semnan town, 300 participants (153 smokers and 147 non-smokers) were selected by convenience method. Participants completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21), Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale and Demographical Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA).
Results: The finding indicated that there was significant difference in resiliency, depression, and anxiety (p=0.001) and stress (p=0.005) between the youth of smokers and non-smokers. There was a significant difference in depression and stress regarding the confounding factor of age (p=0.013, p=0.36), but non-significant difference in resiliency and anxiety regarding the confounding factor of age (p=0.060, p=0.689). Also, there was a significant difference in resiliency and depression regarding to the confounding factor of gender (p=0.001, p=0.009), but non-significant difference in anxiety and stress regarding to the confounding factor of gender (p=0.135, p=0.247). In men and women subgroups, there was non-significant difference (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Smokers in comparison with non-smokers had lower resiliency but higher depression, anxiety and stress. It is necessary to pay attention to resiliency improvement and reduction of these psychological risk factors in preventive and smoking cessation programs.
Key words: Depression, Resiliency, Smoking, Youth, Anxiety, Stress
Funding: This study did not have any funds.
Conflict of Interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Researches and Sciences University, Semnan Branch, approved the study.
How to cite this article: Rahimian Boogar I, Tabatabaee SM, Nikaeen N. The Comparison of the Resiliency and Psychological risk factors between the youth of Smokers and Non-smokers J RafsanjanUniv Med Sci 2014; 13(9): 655-68. [Farsi]
[1]- Assistant Prof., Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran (Corresponding Author) Tel: (0232) 3623300, Fax: (0232) 3626888, E-mail: i_rahimian@semnan.ac.ir
[2]- Assistant Prof., Dept. of Psychology, Payam-noor University,Semnan Center, Semnan, Iran
[3]- MSc. Student in General Psychology, Researches and Sciences University, Semnan Center, Semnan, Iran
Received: 2014/01/15 | Accepted: 2015/01/4 | Published: 2015/01/18
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
