<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences</title>
<title_fa>مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان</title_fa>
<short_title>JRUMS</short_title>
<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
<web_url>http://journal.rums.ac.ir</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>69</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>journal69</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn>1735-3165</journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online>2008-7268</journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>10.66224/jrums</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
<language>fa</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1383</year>
	<month>3</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2004</year>
	<month>6</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>3</volume>
<number>3</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>fa</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa>اثر تجویز دهانی لسیتین بر یادگیری فضایی موش‌های صحرایی</title_fa>
	<title>The Effect of Oral Lecithin on Spatial Learning of Adult Male Rats</title>
	<subject_fa>فيزيولوژي</subject_fa>
	<subject>Physiology</subject>
	<content_type_fa>پژوهشي</content_type_fa>
	<content_type>Research</content_type>
	<abstract_fa>&lt;div class=&quot;Section1&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;
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&lt;h2 dir=&quot;rtl&quot; style=&quot;MARGIN: 0cm 21.25pt 0pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% TEXT-ALIGN: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-SIZE: 14pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;سابقه و هدف: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;لسیتین (فسفاتیدیل&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&#8204;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;کولین) ب&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;ه &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;عنوان پیش&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&#8204;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;ساز استیل&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&#8204;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;کولین شناخته شده است. از &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;ط&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;رفی شواهد&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;حاصل از مطالعات بروی حیوان&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&#8204;های&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; آزمایشگاهی نشان می&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&#8204;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;دهد که سیستم کولینرژیک نقش مهمی در یادگیری و حافظه بر عهده دارد&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; در این مطالعه&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; ما&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; اثرات تجویز دهانی &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;مقادیر مختلف لسیتین را&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; بر بهبود یادگیری فضایی &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;در دستگاه ماز &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;T&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; شکل &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;بررسی&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; کردیم&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;h2 dir=&quot;rtl&quot; style=&quot;MARGIN: 0cm 21.25pt 0pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% TEXT-ALIGN: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-SIZE: 14pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;مواد و روش&#8204;ها: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;در این پژوهش از&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; موش&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&#8204;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;های صحرایی نر بالغ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;نژاد &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;NMRI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;استفاده شد&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; حیوان&#8204;ها &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;در 5 گروه تقسیم&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&#8204;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;بندی شدن&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;د. در موش&#8204;های گروه آزمایش (گروه&#8204;های 3-1) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;رژیم مکمل لسیتین در مقادیر &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;(&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;mg/Kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt; 120&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;240و480) و&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; در گروه حلال (گروه4) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;آب مقطر ب&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;ه &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;عنوان حلال لسیتین، ب&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;ه &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;مدت 9 روز متوالی، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;هر روز &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;یک ساعت قبل از آزمایشات&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;،&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; ب&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;ه &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;وسیله&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;لوله دهانی- معدی &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;تجویز شد و موش&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&#8204;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;های گروه کنترل&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; (گروه 5)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; فقط با رژیم معمولی تغذیه &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&#8204;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;شدند. هم&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&#8204;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;چنین برای ا&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;رزیابی یادگیری&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; فضایی از دستگاه ماز &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;T&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; شکل استفاده شد که مطابق روش استاندارد، تمامی موش&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&#8204;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;ها ب&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;ه &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;مدت 9 روز متوالی، آموزش داده شدند. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;h2 dir=&quot;rtl&quot; style=&quot;MARGIN: 0cm 21.25pt 0pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% TEXT-ALIGN: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-SIZE: 14pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;یافته&#8204;ها: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;تحلیل و تجزیه آماری ب&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;ه &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;روش آنالیز واریانس نشان داد که &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;تجویز &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;لسیتین&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; در هر سه دوز مورد استفاده (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;mg/kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; 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style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;،&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;001/0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; 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style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;هم&#8204;چنین لسیتین در هیچ&#8204;کدام از دوزهای مصرفی اثر معنی&#8204;داری بر میانگین دفعات آموزش و خطا در یادگیری ساده و معکوس نداشت. &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;h2 dir=&quot;rtl&quot; style=&quot;MARGIN: 0cm 21.25pt 0pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% TEXT-ALIGN: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-SIZE: 14pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;نتیجه&#8204;گیری: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;یافته&#8204;های فوق نشان می&#8204;دهد تجویز &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;لسیتین&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;، زمان فراگیری را &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;بهبود داده &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;است که ممکن است این عمل از طریق افزایش سطح استیل کولین و &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;در &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;نتیجه بهبود عملکرد&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; سیستم کولینرژیک&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; انجام شده باشد&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;. &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;h2 dir=&quot;rtl&quot; style=&quot;TEXT-JUSTIFY: kashida MARGIN: 0cm 21.25pt 0pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% TEXT-ALIGN: justify TEXT-KASHIDA: 0%&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-SIZE: 14pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;واژ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;ه&#8204;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;های کلیدی: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;لسیتین، یادگیری فضایی،&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;ماز &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 10pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;T&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt; شکل&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 14pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-SIZE: 14pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 14pt LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;FONT-SIZE: 3pt FONT-FAMILY: &quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</abstract_fa>
	<abstract>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

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			&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp; ***&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;strong&gt;The Effect of Oral Lecithin on Spatial Learning of Adult Male Rats &lt;/strong&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;�&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt; M. Afarinesh &lt;/strong&gt;MSc&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, AA. Moazedi &lt;/strong&gt;PhD&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, M. Abbasnejad &lt;/strong&gt;PhD&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 3*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;�&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt; 1- Academic Member of Physiology, Dept. of Biology, Ahwaz University of Shahid Chamran, Ahwaz, Iran &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt; 2- Associated Professor of Physiology , Dept. of Biology, Ahwaz University of Shahid Chamran, Ahwaz, Iran &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt; 3- Assistant Professor of Physiology, Dept. of Biology, Kerman University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt; Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) is known as a precursor of acetyl choline. The studies on experimental animals, have shown that the cholinergic system has an important role in learning and memory. Therefore, in this study we investigated the effects of different doses of lecithin on the spatial learning.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The adult male NMRI rats (250 &amp;plusmn; 25 g and 4.5-5 months) were used. All animals were trained for a spatial learning task using T-maze and were trained for subsequently nine days based on standard method (n=7). Animals were divided into 5 groups as follows: Lecithin (480,240,120 IU/kg) 0.1ml/10g B.W was administrated for 9 days subsequently in groups 1-3, one hour before each day the experiments. lecithin&amp;rsquo;s sham group (group 4) received distilled water by gavaged, and the control group (group 5) received normal food.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Statistical analysis, ANOVA, has shown that lecithin, in all three doses, decreased the mean of running times (p&lt;0.05, p&lt;0.001, p&lt;0.001), but it had no significant effect on the number of errors.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;It seems lecithin increase acetyl choline, which in turn improves the function of cholinergic system in hippocampus.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;�&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt; Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;Lecithin, Spatial Learning, Rat, T-maze- Figure&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;i&gt;�&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;i&gt; *Corresponding author, Tel:(0341)322004 &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;i&gt;1,Fax: (0341) 3222032, E-mail: mabbas@mail.uk.ac.ir &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;i&gt; Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, 2004, 3(3) &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;i&gt;: &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;141-148 &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
	<keyword_fa>,لسیتین,یادگیری فضایی,ماز T- شکل</keyword_fa>
	<keyword>Lecithin, Spatial Learning, Rat, T-maze- Figure</keyword>
	<start_page>141</start_page>
	<end_page>148</end_page>
	<web_url>http://journal.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-71-1&amp;slc_lang=fa&amp;sid=1</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name>M.</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Afarinesh</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>محمدرضا</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>آفرینش</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>6900319475328460063289</code>
	<orcid>6900319475328460063289</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>AA.</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Moazedi</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>احمد‌علی</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>معاضدی</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>6900319475328460063290</code>
	<orcid>6900319475328460063290</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>M.</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name> Abbasnejad</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>مهدی</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>عباس‌نژاد</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>mabbas@mail.uk.ac.ir</email>
	<code>6900319475328460063291</code>
	<orcid>6900319475328460063291</orcid>
	<coreauthor>Yes
</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
