other شاخص اچ و فراتر از آن: ابزارهای نوین سنجش عملکرد پژوهشگران آمار و اپيدميولوژي Statistics& Epidemiology پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:110%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span style="line-height:110%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">چکیده</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ارزیابی عملکرد پژوهشگران تنها با تعداد مقالات کافی نیست و کیفیت و تأثیر علمی آن‌ها معیار اصلی سنجش پژوهشی محسوب می‌شود. شاخص اچ (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.5pt"><span style="line-height:120%">H-index</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) یکی از شاخص‌های معتبر علم‌سنجی است که کیفیت مقالات را بر اساس تعداد استنادها اندازه‌گیری می‌کند، اما محدودیت‌هایی مانند نادیده‌گرفتن تعداد نویسندگان، خوداستنادی‌ها و تغییرات زمانی دارد. این مطالعه به بررسی شاخص اچ و شاخص‌های توسعه‌یافته پس از آن می‌پردازد و هدف آن ارائه تصویری جامع از ابزارهای کمی ارزیابی عملکرد پژوهشگران است. برای این منظور، مرور نظام‌مند ادبیات علم‌سنجی انجام شد و شاخص‌های مهم توسعه‌یافته شامل شاخص‌های جی، اچ فردی، اچ‌ سی، اِم، کیو، ایی، کیو سی، کیو اِن، کیو یک، کیو دو، اچ بی، کا، آ، آر و ای آر مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. ویژگی‌ها، محدودیت‌ها و کاربردهای هر شاخص بررسی شد تا نقش آن‌ها در رفع محدودیت‌های شاخص اچ روشن شود. نتایج نشان داد هر شاخص توسعه‌یافته بخشی از محدودیت‌های شاخص اچ را پوشش می‌دهد و استفاده ترکیبی از آن‌ها تصویر دقیق‌تر و منصفانه‌تری از عملکرد پژوهشگران ارائه می‌کند. بر اساس این بررسی، ارزیابی جامع و علمی عملکرد پژوهشگران تنها با شاخص اچ ممکن نیست و بهره‌گیری هوشمندانه از شاخص‌های توسعه‌یافته ضروری است. این مطالعه ابزارهای علم‌سنجی موجود و کاربردهای آن‌ها را به صورت نظام‌مند معرفی می‌کند و آگاهی پژوهشگران و مؤسسات را برای انجام ارزیابی دقیق ارتقاء می‌دهد.</span></span></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.5pt"><span style="line-height:120%"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">واژه‌های کلیدی:</span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> شاخص اچ، علم‌سنجی، شاخص‌های استنادی، خوداستنادی، ارزیابی عملکرد پژوهشگران</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:1.0pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ارجاع:</span></span></span></b> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سالاری م، رضائیان م. شاخص اچ و فراتر از آن: ابزارهای نوین سنجش عملکرد پژوهشگران. <i>مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان</i>، سال 1404، دوره 24، شماره 10، صفحات: 994-979.</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Evaluating researchers&rsquo; performance based solely on publication counts is not sufficient. The quality and scientific impact of those publications are the primary criteria for research assessment. The H-Index is one of the well-established bibliometric indicators that measures the quality of publications based on citation counts, but it has limitations such as ignoring the number of co-authors, self-citations, and temporal changes. This study examines the H-Index and the indicators developed after it with the aim of providing a comprehensive overview of quantitative tools for evaluating researcher performance. To achieve this goal, a systematic review of the bibliometric literature was conducted. Key derived metrics were analyzed, including the G-Index, Individual H-Index, HC-Index, M-Index, Q-Index, E-Index, Q_C-Index, Q_N-Index, Q₁-Index, Q₂-Index, h_b-Index, K-Index, A-Index, R-Index, and AR-Index. The characteristics, limitations, and applications of each metric were examined to clarify how they address the shortcomings of the H-Index. The results show that each derived indicator addresses some of the limitations of the H-Index. Using these metrics together provides a more accurate and fairer picture of researchers&rsquo; performance. Based on this review, a comprehensive and scientifically sound evaluation of researchers cannot rely on the H-Index alone. Intelligent use of derived metrics is essential. This study introduces existing bibliometric tools and their applications in a systematic manner and enhances the awareness of researchers and institutions for more precise assessment.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Keywords:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> H-index, Scientometrics, Citation indices, Self-citations, Researcher performance evaluation</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Funding:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> This study did not have any funds.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Conflict of interest:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> None declared.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Ethical considerations</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">: Not applicable.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Authors&rsquo; contributions:</span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Conceptualization:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Mohsen Rezaeian</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Methodology:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Mohsen Rezaeian</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Data collection:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Mehrnoosh Salari</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Formal analysis:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Mehrnoosh Salari</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Supervision:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Mohsen Rezaeian</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Project administration:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Mohsen Rezaeian</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Writing &ndash; original draft:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Mohsen Rezaeian, Mehrnoosh Salari</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Writing &ndash; review & editing:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Mohsen Rezaeian, Mehrnoosh 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v-text-anchor:top"> <v:textbox> <table width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Citation: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Salari M, Rezaeian</span></span><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> M. The H-Index and Beyond: New Tools for Evaluating Researcher Performance.<b> </b><i>J Rafsanjan</i></span></span><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> <i>Univ Med Sci</i> 2026; 24 (10): 979-94. [Farsi]</span></span></span></span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </v:textbox> <w:wrap anchorx="margin"> </w:wrap></v:roundrect><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; H-index, Scientometrics, Citation indices, Self-citations, Researcher performance evaluation 979 994 http://journal.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-280-183&slc_lang=other&sid=1 Mehrnoosh Salari مهرنوش سالاری 6900319475328460062229 0009-0008-6099-1455 No دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان Mohsen Rezaeian محسن رضائیان moeygmr2@yahoo.co.uk 6900319475328460062230 6900319475328460062230 Yes دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان