@article{ author = {Rezaeian, M.}, title = {Five Years after methanol mass poisoning outbreak in Rafsanjan}, abstract ={سخن سردبیر Editorial مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان دوره هفدهم، اردیبشهت 1397، 186-185   پنج سال پس از طغیان بزرگ مسمومیت با الکل متانول در رفسنجان Five Years after methanol mass poisoning outbreak in Rafsanjan   محسن رضائیان[1]،[2]   در خردادماه سال 1392 مصادف با ماه می‌سال 2013 میلادی یک طغیان (outbreak) بزرگ ناشی از مسمومیت با الکل متانول در شهر رفسنجان رخ داد. هدف از نگارش این سخن سردبیری، بررسی این نکته مهم می‌باشد که چگونه پس از پنج سال، جنبه‌های مختلف این طغیان در قالب مقالات علمی، منتشر و در اختیار جامعه علمی‌ایران و جهان قرار گرفته است؟ پاسخ به این سوال از آن جهت حائز اهمیت است که مشخص می‌نماید با توجه به وسعت طغیان و عواقب ناشی از آن، آیا مطالعات علمی‌لازم در خصوص مشخص نمودن عوامل، مدیریت و پیشگیری از رخداد موارد مشابه در آینده به عمل آمده است یا خیر [1]. برای پاسخگویی به سوال فوق، جستجوی نسبتاً جامعی در منابع علمی‌منتشر شده به زبان انگلیسی و فارسی به عمل آمد که منتج به شناسایی سه مقاله مرتبط به زبان انگلیسی و یک مقاله مرتبط به زبان فارسی گردید. آنچه در ادامه می‌آید شرح مختصری از این چهار مطالعه بوده و نتیجه گیری نهایی بر عهده خوانندگان فرهیخته می‌باشد. نخستین مقاله انگلیسی در سال 2015 میلادی توسط حسنیان مقدم و همکاران در مجله معتبر Journal of Public Health از انتشارات آکسفورد با ضریب تأثیر 125/2 منتشر شد. وابستگی سازمانی یکی از هفت نویسنده این مقاله، به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان و وابستگی های سازمانی سایر نویسندگان، مربوط به مراکز مختلف علمی‌ و پژوهشی مستقر در تهران بود [2]. در این مقاله، تاریخ دقیق طغیان از 29 ماه می‌ تا 3 ماه ژوئن گزارش شده است. تعداد کل مبتلایان، 694 نفر عنوان شده است که 361 نفر از آنها در شهر رفسنجان و 333 نفر دیگر، در سایر شهرهای استان کرمان و یزد تحت مداوا قرار گرفتند و تعداد مرگ و میر ناشی از این طغیان، هشت نفر گزارش شده است. در این مقاله، به نقش ارسال پیامک و برنامه رادیویی محلی در پیدا کردن موارد مسمومیت پرداخته شده است و در انتها به ضرورت تدوین یک دستورالعمل ملی برای مدیریت طغیان‌های بزرگ مسمومیت با متانول اشاره شده است [2]. مقاله دوم انگلیسی نیز در سال 2015 توسط خدادادی زاده و همکاران در مجله Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology از انتشارات دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان منتشر شد. نویسنده اول این مقاله از دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان و دو نویسنده دیگر از دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی بودند [3]. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین اثر بخشی فعالیت‌های به عمل آمده در بیمارستان حضرت علی ابن ابیطالب (ع) شهر رفسنجان به منظور مدیریت 361 مورد مسمومیت با الکل که به این بیمارستان مراجعه کرده بودند، انجام شد. روش جمع‌آوری داده‌ها با استفاده از بررسی مدارک موجود و مصاحبه عینی و مستقیم با مسؤلین درگیر در مدیریت این طغیان در بیمارستان و معاونت بهداشتی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان صورت پذیرفته است. در این مطالعه و در مدیریت طغیان، از چهار عامل هماهنگی (Coordination)، ارتباط (Communication)، کنترل (Control) و دستور (Command)، وضعیت عامل ارتباط نسبت به سایر عوامل، جایگاه مهم‌تری داشت. همچنین، از چهار عامل تخصص (Specialty)، وسایل (Stuff)، پرسنل (Staff) و فضا (Space)، عملکرد پرسنل قابل قبول گزارش گردید. نهایتا، از سه عامل حمل و نقل (Transport)، درمان (Treat) و تریاژ (Triage)، دو عامل حمل و نقل و درمان در حد قابل قبولی گزارش گردید [3]. سومین مقاله انگلیسی در سال 2017 میلادی توسط میرزایی و همکاران در مجله Internal Medicine and Medical Investigation Journal از انتشارات Mehrabani منتشر شده است. تمامی‌پنج نویسنده این مقاله مرتبط با دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان بودند [4]. این مقاله به بررسی یافته‌های بالینی و آزمایشگاهی 252 مورد از موارد مسمومیت به الکل مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان حضرت علی ابن ابیطالب (ع) رفسنجان می‌پردازد. مهم‌ترین یافته‌های این مطالعه، وجود اختلالات بینایی (Visual disturbance) در 7/39 درصد و علائم گوارشی (Gastrointestinal symptoms) در 1/7 درصد از مجموع موارد بود. همچنین در این مطالعه، روند کاهش pco2 با کاهش pH در بیمارانی که جان سالم به در بردند، مشاهده شد. در حالی که عکس این روند در بیمارانی که جان خود را از دست دادند، مشاهده شد. همچنین، پذیرش سریع و بهبود شرایط تنفسی ناشی از اسیدوز متابولیک (Metabolic acidosis) رابطه مستقیمی‌ با نجات جان بیماران داشت [4]. بالاخره، تنها مقاله فارسی نیز در سال 1393 هجری شمسی برابر با 2015 میلادی توسط حق‌دوست و همکاران در مجله علمی‌پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان منتشر گردید. از بین نویسندگان، تنها یک نویسنده وابستگی سازمانی به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان داشت و سایر نویسندگان وابستگی سازمانی به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان داشتند [5]. هدف این مطالعه، بررسی علل مصرف مشروبات الکلی در شهرستان رفسنجان بود. بخشی از اطلاعات این مطالعه توسط پرسشنامه تنها از 80 نفر از مسمومین با الکل جمع‌آوری شد و بخش دیگر به صورت مصاحبه وسیع با 24 نفر از افراد درگیر (متخصصان، مسؤلین و افراد مسموم) به دست آمد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که 90 درصد از مسمومین تحت مطالعه، دلیل مصرف الکل را بیکاری و نداشتن سرگرمی‌ اعلام کرده‌اند. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد که در برخی از زیرگروه‌های جامعه، مادی‌گرایی و فردگرایی، تبدیل به باورها و ارزش‌های قابل قبول شده‌اند و شبکه‌های مجازی و ماهواره‌ها به ضعف‌های اجتماعی دامن می‌زنند [5].   References [1] Rezaeian M. Are scientific articles in health domain published based on the bulk of the existing problems? JRUMS 2016; 15 (2):179-184. [2] Hassanian-Moghaddam H, Nikfarjam A, Mirafzal A, Saberinia A, Nasehi AA, Masoumi Asl H, et al. Methanol mass poisoning in Iran: role of case finding in outbreak management. J Public Health (Oxf) 2015; 37(2):354-9. [3] Khodadizadeh A, Jahangiri K, Sharifian S. Hospital surge capacity management of methanol poisoning in an iranian hospital: a case-study in Rafsanjan, Iran. J Occupational Health Epidemiol (JOHE) 2015; 4(1): 9-18. [4] Mirzaee V, Riahi Z, Sharifzadeh Z, Kardoust Parizi M, Adinehpour A. Survey on methanol poisoning epidemic in rafsanjan city in year 2013. Inter Med and Medical Investingation J 2017; 2(3): 84-9. [5] Haghdoost AA, Emami M, Esmaili M, Soberinia A, Nezhad Ghaderi M, Mehrolhassani MH. Survey the status and causes of alcohol consumption: A case study of the epidemic alcohol poisoning in Rafsanjan in 2013. JRUMS 2015; 13(10): 991-1006.     [1]- استاد گروه آموزشی اپیدمیولوژی و آمار زیستی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران     تلفن: 31315123-034، دورنگار: 31315123-034، پست الکترونیکی: moeygmr2@yahoo.co.uk، ارکید:  0000-0003-3070-0166 [2]- استاد مرکز تحقیقات محیط کار، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران}, Keywords = {outbreak, methanol mass poisoning, Rafsanjan}, volume = {17}, Number = {3}, pages = {185-186}, publisher = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-4309-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-4309-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3165}, eissn = {2008-7268}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Nazem, F. and Mehrabani, S. and Jalili, M.}, title = {Investigating Blood Lipid Profile and Insulin Resistance Index in Middle Aged Overweight Women who Do Yoga and Aerobics}, abstract ={Background and Objectives: Since active life style causes metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors to be decreased and considering the increased incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in the middle age, the present study aimed to investigate the blood lipid profile and insulin resistance index among middle aged overweight athletic women in rhythmic aerobics and yoga. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 42 over-weight middle-aged women in three groups of 14, including yoga and rhythmic aerobics athletes and sedentary women were selected through purposive sampling, from fitness clubs of Tehran city in 2015. Anthropometry characteristics, blood lipid profile, and insulin resistance index were measured. The study variables were compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: Plasmatic levels of triglyceride (p=0.038), total cholesterol (p=0.006), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.025), fasting glucose (p=0.031), and insulin resistance index (p=0.001) were significantly lower and levels of high- density lipoprotein cholesterol were sinificantly higher in the rhythmic aerobics and yoga groups compared with the sedentary women (p=0.019). Nevertheless, in the aerobics group, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were significantly lower than the yoga group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Both rhythmic aerobics and yoga programs proved to be effective in reducing risk factors of the cardiovascular and metabolic disease. It seems that yoga program has a more effective role in reduction of some cardio-metabolic risk factors such as triglyceride and total cholesterol levels than the rhythmic aerobics. Key words: Cardiovascular risk factors, Blood lipids, Insulin resistance, Aerobics exercise, Yoga   Funding: This research was funded by Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. Conflict of interest: None declared. Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences approved the study (IR.UMSHA.REC.1394.114). How to cite this article: Nazem F, Mehrabani S, Jalili M. Investigating Blood Lipid Profile and Insulin Resistance Index in Middle Aged Overweight Women who Do Yoga and Aerobics. Univ Med Sci 2018; 17 (3): 187-200. [Farsi]  }, Keywords = {Cardiovascular risk factors, Blood lipids, Insulin resistance, Aerobics exercise, Yoga }, volume = {17}, Number = {3}, pages = {187-200}, publisher = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-3929-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-3929-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3165}, eissn = {2008-7268}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Tohidi, N. and Ghorbian, S.}, title = {Investigating the Association of RAN (rs 14035) and XPO5 (rs 2257082) Genes Polymorphisms with the Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Women Referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Ardabil During 2015-2017 Years}, abstract ={Background and Objectives: XPO5 is one of the important molecules that has been identified in the trophoblast cells of the placenta, which is involved in the miRNAs biogenesis and processing. RAN is the other protein, which is involved in the miRNAs processing. The presence of RAN (rs 14035) and XPO5 (rs 2257082) genes may affect the genes expression adjustment in the mother’s uterine and lead to the recurrent abortion. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the association of rs 14035 and rs 2257082 genes polymorphism with the recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in women referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Ardabil during 2015-2017 Years. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study included 100 women with RPL with unknown reason and 100 women that had a successful pregnancy without abortion, and with an alive child, which referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Ardabil during 2015-2017 years. After DNA extraction, by PCR-RFLP method, the frequencies of these polymorphisms were evaluated and data were analyzed using chi-square test. Results: There was a significant association between the CC/CT+TT and CT/CC+TT genotypes in XPO5 gene polymorphism and the risk of abortion (p=0.041). Whereas, the genotypes frequency of RAN gene polymorphism did not reveal any statistical significant difference across the two groups (p=0.516). Conclusion: The findings revealed that XPO5 gene polymorphism may be contributed as a predisposing risk factor to RPL in the pregnant women. Whereas, it seems that the RAN gene polymorphism cannot be considered as a risk factor for predisposing of RPL. Key words: Gene, Polymorphism, XPO5, RAN, Recurrent pregnancy loss, Ardabil   Funding: This study did not have any funds. Conflict of interest: None declared. Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University of Ahar Branch approved the study.   How to cite this article: Tohidi N, Ghorbian S. Investigating the Association of RAN (rs 14035) and XPO5 (rs 2257082) Genes Polymorphisms with the Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Women Referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Ardabil During 2015-2017 Years. Univ Med Sci 2018; 17 (3): 201-12. [Farsi]  }, Keywords = {Gene, Polymorphism, XPO5, RAN, Recurrent pregnancy loss, Ardabil }, volume = {17}, Number = {3}, pages = {201-212}, publisher = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-3978-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-3978-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3165}, eissn = {2008-7268}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Abdi, R. and Chalbianloo, Gh.R. and Pak, R.}, title = {The Role of Brain/Behavioral Systems (BIS/BAS), Stressful Life Events, and Disease Duration in Predicting Disease Symptoms Severity in Individuals Suffering from Multiple Sclerosis in Shiraz City, 2014}, abstract ={Background and Objectives: Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) brings about an increase in excitation, evoking emotional states of anxiety, and experiencing negative emotions; and it seems individuals who have activeBehavioral Inhibition System, feel more anxiety in confrontation with stressful events. On the other hand, being exposed to stressful life can weaken various functions of immune system. Thus, the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the role of brain/behavioral systems (BIS/BAS), stressful life events, and disease duration in predicting disease symptoms severity in individuals suffering from Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in Shiraz city, 2014.  Materials and Methods: The present research design was of descriptive type; and statistical population  consisted of all the patients suffering from MS in Shiraz city in the first half of 1394, among whom 162 patients were included in this research through purposive sampling method. Jackson-5 scales, Stressful Life Events Scale, and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) questionnaires were utilised as the research tools. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean ± standard deviation), Pearson’s correlation coefficient test, and hierarchical regression. Results: According to the obtained results, BIS (p<0.001), stressful life events (p<0.001), and disease duration (p<0.001) were significantly effective on the disability severity score of MS disease. Conclusion: The findings are indicative of high scores of BIS in interaction with stressful life events during the disease period; some psychological devises reduce the anxiety caused by stressful life events, and can be regarded as influential steps toward the patients' mental health. Key words: Multiple Sclerosis, Brain/behavioral systems, Stressful events, Disease duration, Shiraz   Funding: This study did not have any funds. Conflict of interest: None declared. Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan approved the study.   How to cite this article: Abdi R, Chalbianloo Gh.R, Pak R. The Role of Brain/Behavioral Systems (BIS/BAS), Stressful Life Events, and Disease Duration in Predicting Disease Symptoms Severity in Individuals Suffering from Multiple Sclerosis in Shiraz City, 2014. Univ Med Sci 2018; 17 (3): 213-24.[Farsi]}, Keywords = {Multiple Sclerosis, Brain/behavioral systems, Stressful events, Disease duration, Shiraz }, volume = {17}, Number = {3}, pages = {213-224}, publisher = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-3919-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-3919-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3165}, eissn = {2008-7268}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Karimi, G. and Ghasemzadeh, H. and Alavi, M.S. and Roohbakhsh, A.}, title = {Evaluating the Effect of Duloxetine on Morphine-Induced Dependence and Tolerance to Its Analgesic Effects in Mice}, abstract ={Background and Objectives: Despite the analgesic effects of morphine, its chronic use leads to tolerance and dependence, and duloxetine can change the rate of dependence and tolerance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of duloxetine on morphine-induced dependence and tolerance to its analgesic effects in mice. Materials and Methods: In the present experimental study, male mice were randomly put in 37 groups of 8.  Jumping and diarrhea of the animals, at the time of withdrawal syndrome (naloxone prescription), was evaluated in two development (duloxetine±morphine) and expression (duloxetine prescription before withdrawal syndrome) factors at the 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg/bw doses of duloxetine. Moreover, open field and tail-flick test were utilized to examine the duloxetine effect on locomotor activity and tolerance to the analgesic effects of morphine, respectively. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Dunnett’s post hoc test. Results: Duloxetine at the dose of 30 mg/kg/bw decreased jumping and locomotor activity of the animal (p<0.05), and the dose of 20 mg/kg/bw reduced both jumping  and diarrhea (p<0.05) in the expression of dependence test. At the same dose, it also reduced the animal’s locomotor activity (p<0.01) in the open field. Duloxetine at the dose of 10 mg/kg/bw was just effective in diarrhea in the development of dependence test (p<0.001). Moreover, duloxetine did not exhibit any effect on development of tolerance to analgesic effects of morphine. Conclusion: Duloxetine reduced withdrawal signs in the expression of dependence test, but it did not have any effect on tolerance to analgesic effects of morphine. Key words: Duloxetine, Morphine, Naloxone, Substance withdrawal syndrome, Pain, Drug tolerance, Dependence   Funding: This study was funded by a grant (no. 921455) from the Research Council of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Conflict of interest: None declared. Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences approved the study (code: 921455). How to cite this article: Karimi G, Ghasemzadeh H, Alavi M.S, Roohbakhsh A. Evaluating the Effect of Duloxetine on Morphine-Induced Dependence and Tolerance to Its Analgesic Effects in Mice. Univ Med Sci 2018; 17 (3): 225-40. [Farsi]}, Keywords = {Duloxetine, Morphine, Naloxone, Substance withdrawal syndrome, Pain, Drug tolerance, Dependence}, volume = {17}, Number = {3}, pages = {225-240}, publisher = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-4036-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-4036-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3165}, eissn = {2008-7268}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Sarizadeh, M.S. and Rafienia, P. and Sabahi, P. and Tamaddon, M.R.}, title = {The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Hemodialysis Patients’ Quality of Life: A Randomized Educational Trial Study}, abstract ={  Background and Objectives: Hemodialysis as the most common treatment method for kidney replacement in patients with kidney disease, causes various physical and psychological problems and on the other hand, some studies indicated that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been effective in improving quality of life and adjustment in patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of ACT on quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: The current study was a randomized educational trial which conducted on 22 patients undergoing hemodialysis on Kosar Hospital of Semnan in 2016. First, the samples were selected by convenient sampling and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Then, the experimental group  received ACT for eight weeks continuously. Data was collected by two questionnaires of demographic features and Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL), and was analyzed by using two-way repeated measures ANOVA statistical method. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the age of the control group was 52.27 ± 13.22 and the experimental group 47.90 ± 14.57 years (p=0.620). There were significant differences in the subscales of physical and emotional problems, General health, Mental health, Energy, Effects of kidney disease, Burden of kidney disease, Work status, and Quality of social interaction between the two experimental and control groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it’s recommended to use ACT as an effective and complementary psychological intervention in hemodialysis patients to improve their quality of life . Key words: Hemodialysis, Acceptance and commitment therapy, Quality of life   Funding: This article did not have any Funds. Conflict of interest: None declared. Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Semnan University of Medical Sciences approved the study (IR SEMUMS. REC.1395. 6).   How to cite this article: Sarizadeh MS, Rafienia P, Sabahi P, Tamaddon MR. The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Hemodialysis Patients’ Quality of Life: A Randomized Educational Trial Study. Univ Med Sci 2018; 17 (3): 241-52. [Farsi]  }, Keywords = {Hemodialysis, Acceptance and commitment therapy, Quality of life }, volume = {17}, Number = {3}, pages = {241-252}, publisher = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-3705-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-3705-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3165}, eissn = {2008-7268}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Arbabian, M. and Amirzadegan, M. and Tavalaee, M. and Nasr-Esfahani, M.H.}, title = {Oxidative Stress and Its Effects on Male Infertility: A Review Study}, abstract ={Background and Objectives: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for sperm physiological functions including capacitation, acrosome reaction, fertilization, and etc. Sperm cell in comparison with other cells is highly prone to oxidative attack due to high level of membrane unsaturated fatty acids and low volume of cytoplasmic space. Therefore, the aim of this review article was to understand the causes of oxidative stress production, the mechanisms involved in oxidative stress, its effects and therapeutic strategies for infertile men. Materials and Methods: For this review, all relevant information were collected via databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, and totally, information were extracted from 60 articles. Results: Several studies showed that level of pathological ROS was significantly higher in infertile men in comparison to fertile men, and under these conditions, high level of sperm apoptotic, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, caspase activation, sperm phosphatidylserine exposure, oxidative DNA damage, and low quality of sperm parameters were observed. Oxidative damages can affect sperm DNA integrity and are associated to miscarriage and developmental abnormalities in the offspring. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is caused by several variable factors, and the use of an effective antioxidant can decrease the oxidative stress level and improve fertility potential in couples with male infertility factor.  Key words: Male infertility, Oxidative stress, DNA damage, Sperm parameters, Antioxidant.      Funding: This study was supported by the Royan Institute. Conflict of interest: None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to disclose and all authors support submission of this manuscript to this journal.   How to cite this article: Arbabian M, Amirzadegan M, Tavalaee M, Nasr-Esfahani M.H. Oxidative Stress and Its Effects on Male Infertility: A Review Study. Univ Med Sci 2018; 17 (3): 253-74. [Farsi]}, Keywords = {Male infertility, Oxidative stress, DNA damage, Sperm parameters, Antioxidant. }, volume = {17}, Number = {3}, pages = {253-274}, publisher = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-4002-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-4002-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3165}, eissn = {2008-7268}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Karami, M. and Dehdashti, A.R. and Bahrami, M.}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {17}, Number = {3}, pages = {275-282}, publisher = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-4101-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-4101-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3165}, eissn = {2008-7268}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Rezaeian, M.}, title = {Some Guidelines for Using PowerPoint Software in Teaching Health Sciences}, abstract ={  The valuable PowerPoint software if apply correctly would be able to revolutionized learning process. The aim of the present article is therefore to provide some basic guidelines for using this software in teaching biomedical sciences. Key words: PowerPoint, Teaching, Biomedical sciences  }, Keywords = {PowerPoint, Teaching, Biomedical sciences}, volume = {17}, Number = {3}, pages = {283-290}, publisher = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-4315-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-4315-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3165}, eissn = {2008-7268}, year = {2018} }