Volume 19, Issue 2 (5-2020)
JRUMS 2020, 19(2): 115-124 |
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Saffar S, Fatemi I, Rahmani M, Hassanshahi J, Pak-Hashemi M, Kaeidi A. The Effect of Epigallocatechin gallate on Morphine Induced Working Memory Defects in Rats: An Experimental Study. JRUMS 2020; 19 (2) :115-124
URL: http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-5036-en.html
URL: http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-5036-en.html
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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The Effect of Epigallocatechin gallate on Morphine Induced Working Memory Defects in Rats: An Experimental Study
S. Saffar[1], I. Fatemi[2], M. R. Rahmani[3], J. Hassanshahi[4], M. Pak-Hashemi[5], A. Kaeidi[6]
Received: 10/11/2019 Sent for Revision: 15/12/2019 Received Revised Manuscript: 05/02/2020 Accepted: 08/02/2020
Background and Objectives: Chronic morphine use leads to structural changes in the brain. Some studies have shown the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as a main polyphenol of green tea. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EGCG on working memory in morphine-treated rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 experimental groups (8 rats in each group): 1- control; 2- Morphine group (the animals received 40 mg/kg morphine for 4 weeks, once a day, s.c.); 3 and 4- Morphine + EGCG, the animals received morphine (40 mg/kg, 4 weeks, once a day, s.c.) and EGCG (5 and 50 mg/kg, once a day, i.p.). To evaluate the working memory, Y-maze spontaneous alternation was used. To measure the level of TNF-α protein expression in brain hippocampus tissue, the western blot test was used. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test was used for data analysis.
Results: Intraperitoneal morphine injection resulted in working memory deficits and increased TNF-α protein expression levels compared to the control group (p<0.001). Moreover, intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg EGCG in morphine treated rats significantly improved working memory (p<0.01) and decreased TNF-α protein expression level (p<0.05) compared to solely morphine treated group.
Conclusion: EGCG improved morphine induced working memory deficits in rats.
Key words: Morphine, EGCG, Working memory, Rat
Funding: This research was funded by Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences approved the study (IR.RUMS.REC.1396.210).
How to cite this article: Saffar S, Fatemi I, Rahmani M R, Hassanshahi J, Pak-Hashemi M, Kaeidi A. The Effect of Epigallocatechin gallate on Morphine Induced Working Memory Defects in Rats: An Experimental Study. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2020; 19 (2): 115-24. [Farsi]
[1]- MSc Student of Physiology, Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran, ORCID:321x-6912-0001-0000
S. Saffar[1], I. Fatemi[2], M. R. Rahmani[3], J. Hassanshahi[4], M. Pak-Hashemi[5], A. Kaeidi[6]
Received: 10/11/2019 Sent for Revision: 15/12/2019 Received Revised Manuscript: 05/02/2020 Accepted: 08/02/2020
Background and Objectives: Chronic morphine use leads to structural changes in the brain. Some studies have shown the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as a main polyphenol of green tea. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EGCG on working memory in morphine-treated rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 experimental groups (8 rats in each group): 1- control; 2- Morphine group (the animals received 40 mg/kg morphine for 4 weeks, once a day, s.c.); 3 and 4- Morphine + EGCG, the animals received morphine (40 mg/kg, 4 weeks, once a day, s.c.) and EGCG (5 and 50 mg/kg, once a day, i.p.). To evaluate the working memory, Y-maze spontaneous alternation was used. To measure the level of TNF-α protein expression in brain hippocampus tissue, the western blot test was used. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test was used for data analysis.
Results: Intraperitoneal morphine injection resulted in working memory deficits and increased TNF-α protein expression levels compared to the control group (p<0.001). Moreover, intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg EGCG in morphine treated rats significantly improved working memory (p<0.01) and decreased TNF-α protein expression level (p<0.05) compared to solely morphine treated group.
Conclusion: EGCG improved morphine induced working memory deficits in rats.
Key words: Morphine, EGCG, Working memory, Rat
Funding: This research was funded by Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences approved the study (IR.RUMS.REC.1396.210).
How to cite this article: Saffar S, Fatemi I, Rahmani M R, Hassanshahi J, Pak-Hashemi M, Kaeidi A. The Effect of Epigallocatechin gallate on Morphine Induced Working Memory Defects in Rats: An Experimental Study. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2020; 19 (2): 115-24. [Farsi]
[2]- Assistant Prof. of Pharmacology, Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, ORCID: 0000-0002-9666-9651
[3]- Research Assistant Prof. of Physiology, Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran, ORCID: 0000-0001-7395-5770
[4]- Assistant Prof. of Physiology, Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran, ORCID: 0000-0003-3754-8152
[5]- MSc Student of Physiology, Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran, ORCID:0000-0002-1645-6980
[6]- Assistant Prof. of Physiology, Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran, ORCID: 0000-0002-3292-2603
(Corresponding Author) Tel: (034) 31315074, Fax: (034) 31315003, E-mail: a.kayedi@gmail.com
(Corresponding Author) Tel: (034) 31315074, Fax: (034) 31315003, E-mail: a.kayedi@gmail.com
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