Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences

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  Background and Objectives: Having a proper citation in a thesis is a vital element in communications in the scientific world. The aim of the present study was to analyze the citations of dentistry students’ theses of Rafsanjan University of Medical sciences (RUMS).

  Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study all the dentistry students’ theses of RUMS during 1998 to 2012 were analyzed. For carrying out this research a checklist had been applied and for every thesis this checklist was completed by a member of the research team. Deta were analysed by X² and Fisher Exactly test.

  Results: From 311 theses under investigation 62.4% had standard citations. The mean and standard deviation of references were 37.55 ± 25.27. The most mean of references was related to English articles while the least mean was related to Persian articles, Persian books and electronic references.

  Conclusions: The style of writing the references in the dentistry students’ theses was Vancouver style and from the standard point of view they were categorized as average. Conducting educational workshop is suggested in order to achieve a higher standard in citations.

  Key words: Citations, Thesis, Dentistry students

  

  Funding: This research was funded by Research Council of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.

  Conflict of interest: None declared.

  Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences approved the study .

 

 How to cite this article : Salem Z, Rezaeaian M, Valinejad M . Survey on Citations Used in the Dentistry Students^, Theses in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences During 1998 - 2012. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Scie 2013 12(5): 389-98. [Farsi]

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  Background and Objectives: Thesis as a research activity and also the final part of the curriculum of medical students may be a vital source for the production of science and technology. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the percentage of students' theses approved for the MD degree in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (RUMS) that published in the peer-reviewed Journals between 1993-2007.

  Materials and Methods: In this Follow up study, all 502 defended theses in Rafsanjan School of Medicine were investigated. The data were firstly collected in the designed checklists. The Iranian and international databases were then searched to determine how many of these theses had been published. Data were analyed by descriptive statistics and analytical (χ², t student and correlation) methods.

  Results: Out of 502 theses, 106 cases (21.1%) had been published in peer-reviewed journals and indexed in the searchable databases . In all 13 departments of basic and clinical sciences , 111 ( 22.1%) and 391 theses ( 77.9%) were fulfilled, respectively . Three hundred and fifty nine theses (71.5%) had obtained a score between 19 and 20 (out of 20). Theses performed in the recent years had obtained higher scored than the older ones . The mean time between the defense time of the theses and their publications was 2.9 ± 2.31 years .

  Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the proportion of published articles extracted from theses was relatively satisfactory but far from the ideal condition . Resolving research problems of clinical academic members as well as for clinical theses , receiving professional supervision or consultation from professors of departments of basic sciences is suggested to improve the publication rates.

  Key words: Thesis, Publication, Article, Medical School

 

  Funding: This research was funded by Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences

  Conflict interest: None declared.

  Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences approved the study.

  

  How to cite this article : Eftekhari Y, Rezaeian M, Zare-Bidaki M, Arabshahi Parizi A. A Survey on the Article Publication Ratio of the Defended Medical Theses in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine During 1993-2007. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2013 12(7): 531-44. [Farsi]

 

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Background and Objective: Salubrinal- a protein synthesis inhibitor- plays a crucial role in sleep and neuronal inhibition through the GABA activation. According to these evidences, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of salubrinal on epileptic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).

Materials and Methods: In this expremental study under stereotaxical surgery, three monopolar electrodes were fixed on the skull bone of animals and a cannula was implanted in the right cerebral ventricle according to Paxinos coordinates. After 7 days of recovery, each animal received intracerebroventricular (ICV) vehicle, diazepam (0.2 mg/rat) or salubrinal (25 or 50 µg/rat) 10 minutes before Pentylenetetrazol injection (subcutaneous, 60mg/kg). Electrophysiological and behavioral parameters of induced seizures were recorded during 60 minutes.

Results : Salubrinal (25 and 50 µg/rat) significantly retarded the onset of generalized tonic-clonic seizures when compared to vehicle treatment (p<0.05). Epileptic discharge duration and ictal discharge duration were significantly shortened in salubrinal treated rats (p<0.05). Additionally, the rats treated with salubrinal (25 and 50 µg/rat) had lower seizure stage scores, as compared to vehicle treated rats (p<0.05).

Conclusion : The findings of this study revealed that shortly after ICV. administration of salubrinal, epileptic seizures can be significantly decreased. Also, the findings suggest that protein synthesis is an essential process during development of epileptic seizures.

Key words : Seizure, Salubrinal, Protein synthesis inhibitor, Rat, Pentylenetetrazol

 

Funding: This research was funded by Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

Conflict of interest: None declared.

Ethical approval: The Research Committee of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences approved the

study.

 

How to cite this article: Izadi M, Rezvani ME, Esmailidehaj M. Effects of Intracerebroventricular Administration of Salubrinal-A Protein Synthesis Inhibitor-on Epileptic Seizures Induced by Pentylenetetrazol in Male Rats. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2014 13(3): 281-92. [Farsi]

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Background and Objectives: Considering the alarming spread of resistance to classic antimicrobial agents, innovative therapeutic approaches to combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens, like the compounds derived from plants and nanoparticles, seems necessary. This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial effect of biosynthetic silver nanoparticles using Glycyrrhiza glabra and Mentha piperata plants on some tooth decay bacteria.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in the Chemistry and Microbiology Laboratories of the Basic Sciences Faculty of Neishabour Islamic Azad University, in 2016. Silver nanoparticles were produced in biological method using aqueous extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Mentha piperata. Nanoparticles were studied by using spectrometry techniques and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). To predict the antibacterial effect of nanoparticles, from each of the extracts at 3.12, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/ml concentrations, 100 μL was used for broth micro dilution test . Comparison of the mean results of two types of nanoparticles was done using One-way ANOVA statistical test.
Results: UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis and the peak at 430 nm indicated the biosynthesis of the nanoparticles in the extract, and the photo of SEM determined the shape of the nanoparticles spherical and the average size was set at about 55 nm. In reviewing the antimicrobial effect of biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, the nanoparticles had a good antibacterial activity against the bacteria under study. MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) values for biosynthetic nanoparticles with Glycyrrhiza glabra extract against Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces viscosus ,and Lactobacillus rhamnosus were 1.6, 6.25 ,and 50 μg / ml (p≤0.05), and MIC for biosynthetic nanoparticles with Mentha piperata extract against these bacteria were determined to be 12.5, 12.5 ,and 200 μg / ml, respectively (p≤0.05)
Conclusion: Due to their antioxidant properties and many secondary compounds, the plants extracts play the role of regeneration and stabilization of nanoparticles. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized well with the aqueous extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Mentha piperata plants, and the synthesized nanoparticles showed a good antibacterial activity against the bacteria that contributed to the decay of the tooth.
Key words: Biosynthesis, Silver nanoparticles, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Minimum bactericidal concentration
 
Funding: This study was funded by Neyshabur Azad University.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: The Ethical Committee of  Neyshabur Azad Universityapproved the study.
 
How to cite this article: Emrani Sh , Zhiani R, Dafe Jafari M. The Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Plants of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Mentha piperata and Its Antimicrobial Effect on Some Bacteria That Cause Tooth Decay. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2018; 16(10): 953-68. [Farsi]
 

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سخن سردبیر
Editorial
مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان
دوره هفدهم، تیر 1397، 292-291
 
 
مقدمه‌ای بر مرور مفهومی
 
An Introduction to Scoping Review
 
محسن رضائیان[1]^،[2]
 
در سخن سردبیری آبان ماه سال 1396 مجله دانشگاه به انواع مقالات مروری و شیوه‌ی نگارش آن‌ها پرداختیم. در آن مقاله به سه دسته اصلی از مقالات مروری یعنی مروری سنتی، مروری نظام‌مند و فرا تحلیل‌ها اشاره کردیم [1]. در این سخن سردبیری، به بررسی نوعی دیگر از مقالات مروری با عنوان مرور مفهومی (Scoping review) خواهیم پرداخت. در تعریف مرور مفهومی آمده است که مرور سریع پیرامون مفاهیم کلیدی در یک موضوع پژوهشی خاص و یافتن منابع اصلی و انواع شواهد موجود را می‌توان مرور مفهومی قلمداد کرد. مرور مفهومی به ویژه پیرامون موضوعات پیچیده و یا موضوعاتی که قبلاً درباره آنها مرور جامعی به عمل نیامده است را می توان به‌صورت یک پروژه خاص به مرحله اجرا درآورد [2].
در سال 2005 میلادی O’Malley و Askey چهارچوب یک مرور مفهومی را با در نظر گرفتن چهار دلیل اصلی برای انجام آن مشخص کردند. این چهار دلیل عبارتند از: 1. مشخص کردن وسعت، محدوده و طبیعت فعالیت‌های پژوهشی، 2. معین کردن ارزش انجام یک مرور نظام‌مند، 3. خلاصه کردن و انتشار نتایج پژوهش‌های به‌عمل‌آمده و 4. مشخص کردن شکاف‌های پژوهشی در ادبیات موجود پیرامون یک موضوع خاص [3].
بنابراین، یک مرور مفهومی از جهات مختلف با یک مرور نظام‌مند متفاوت است. مرور مفهومی معمولاً به شکل سریع برای مرور گسترده شواهد پیرامون یک موضوع خاص بدون در نظر گرفتن کیفیت مطالعات انجام‌شده صورت می‌پذیرد. درحالی‌که مرور نظام‌مند برای بررسی موضوعات و سؤالات مشخص و با در نظر گرفتن معیارهای از قبل تعیین‌شده برای گزینش مطالعات باکیفیت صورت می‌پذیرد. از همین رو، مرور مفهومی را می‌توان به‌عنوان مطالعاتی برای تولید فرضیه Hypothesis-generating studies در نظر گرفت، درحالی‌که مطالعات مرور نظام‌مند، مطالعات آزمون فرضیه Hypothesis-testing studies در نظر گرفته می‌شوند [4].
از آنجایی‌که انجام مطالعات مرور نظام‌مند قوی، نیازمند زمان نسبتاً طولانی از شش ماه تا 2 سال می‌باشد [5]، از همین رو، مطالعات مرور مفهومی می‌توانند پیش‌زمینه بسیار مناسبی برای مرور نظام‌مند فراهم نمایند. بنابراین، ضروری است که خوانندگان، نویسندگان و داوران فرهیخته مجله دانشگاه با مرور مطالعات مفهومی و قواعد انجام آن‌ها، آشنایی بیشتری کسب نمایند.
 
 
 
 
References
 
[1] Rezaeian M. Writing review articles for JRUMS. JRUMS 2017; 16(8): 701-2.
[2] Mays S, Arksey H, O’Malley L. Scoping Studies: towards a methodological framework. International J Social Res Methodol: Theory & Pratice 2005; 8: 5.
[3] Arksey H, O’Malley L. Scoping Studies: towards a methodological framework. International J Social Res Methodol: Theory & Pratice 2005; 8: 19-32.
[4] Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O'Brien K, Colquhoun H, Kastner M, et al. A scoping review on the conduct and reporting of scoping reviews. BMC Med Res Methodol 2016; 16: 15.
[5] Khangura S, Konnyu K, Cushman R, Grimshaw J, Moher D. Evidence summaries: the evolution of a rapid review approach. Syst Rev 2012; 1:10.
 

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Background and Objectives: Due to the unique physicochemical properties of selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs), identification of microbial strains capable to biosynthesize Se NPs has recently attracted attention. The current study aimed at introducing Se NPs producing actinomycete strain, characterizing Se NPs as well as evaluating its cytotoxic effect against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7).
Materials and Methods: In the present laboratory investigation, first, the Se NPs producing strain was isolated from soil samples. The selected isolate was then identified using morphological and biochemical examinations as well as 16S rDNA sequencing protocol. The UV-visible spectrum, particle-size distribution (PSD) pattern, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) profiles of the nanostructures as well as transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of Se NPs were determined. In order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the Se NPs, the MTT (Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) based colorimetric protocol was applied where the viability percent was firstly determined and then the related IC₅₀ (Half inhibitory concentration) was calculated.
Results: The selected bacterial isolate was identified as Streptomyces lavendulae FSHJ9. TEM micrographs of the biogenic Se NPs exhibited spherical nanostructures with the size range of 28–123 nm. The FTIR pattern showed no functional group present on the surface of Se NPs. The obtained results of cytotoxicity revealed that IC₅₀ of Se NPs (77.1±42.23 µg/mL) was more than IC₅₀ of sodium selenite (3.0±41.53 µg/mL).
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that Streptomyces lavendulae FSHJ9 was able to produce Se NPs. The produced biogenic Se NPs, after performing complementary studies, might be applied as supplement in human food and animal feeding.
Key words: Selenium nanoparticles, Biosynthesis, Streptomyces, Cytotoxicity, MCF-7 cell line
 
Funding: This study was funded by Kerman University of Medical Sciences.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Kerman University of Medical Sciences approved the study (930160).
 
How to cite this article: Shakibaie M, Jafari M, Ameri A, Rahimi H.R, Forootanfar H. Biosynthesis and Physicochemical Characterization, and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Selenium Nanoparticles Produced by Streptomyces Lavendulae FSHJ9 Against MCF-7 Cell Line. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2018; 17 (7): 625-38. [Farsi]

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Background and Objectives: Cancer, one of the global health problems, has been introduced as one of the main death causes worldwide. Xanthine derivatives have been identified as effective compounds for prevention and treatment of cancer. In this study, a series of novel phenoxy ethyl theobromine derivatives were designed with N1 positioning and their cytotoxic activity was evaluated. Also, molecular docking studies were performed to predict the possible action mechanism of these compounds.
Materials and Methods: In the present laboratory investigation, compounds 2, 3, and 5a-l were initially synthesized. The cytotoxicity of all new synthesized compounds was studied by MTT (methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) -based colorimetric assay against 4 human cancer cell lines. Autodock software was used to determine the binding energies of these structures on human tetrahydrofolate reductase, human octo-5'-nucleotidase (e5NT) and human phosphodiesterase enzymes. The obtained data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.
Results: The results of docking studies showed acceptable binding energy (-8.42 kcal/mol) against e5NT. The results of cytotoxicity analysis showed that the greatest effect of cytotoxicity was against A549 and MCF-7 cells (compound 5e with IC₅₀ values of 86.65 μM and 161.09 μM, respectively).
Conclusion: The results of molecular docking studies showed acceptable binding energy against the octo-5'-nucleotidase enzyme. Among the synthesized derivatives, compound 5a with the lowest ΔG level (-8.42 kcal/mol) was selected as the best inhibitor of this enzyme. Appropriate effects of cytotoxicity were observed at different concentrations of the synthesized compounds on MCF7 and A549 cell lines.
Key words: Cytotoxicity, Molecular modeling, Theobromine derivatives, Synthesis
Funding: This study was funded by Kerman University of Medical Sciences.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Kerman University of Medical Sciences approved the study (IR.KMU.REC.1396.2104).
 
How to cite this article: Faghih-Mirzaei E, Ameri A, Forootanfar H, Rouholamini H S, Shamsadini-pour M, Jafari M. Design and Synthesis of Novel N1-(Phenoxyethyl) Theobromine Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxicity by in-vitro Method with Molecular Docking Study: A Laboratory Study. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2020; 19 (2): 137-54. [Farsi]

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 Introducing a Guideline for Preparing an Article from a Thesis: A Continuing Education Article
M. Rezaeian^[1]
 
 
Received: 14/10/2020  Sent for Revision: 02/11/2020 Received Revised Manuscript: 08/11/2020 Accepted: 09/11/2020
 
 
The necessity of publishing articles from diverse levels of education has always been emphasized. This would help to increase the likelihood of the use of theses results. However, writing an article from a student thesis might be associated with the risks such as inadvertently or intentionally committing research misconducts. The aim of the present article is to provide practical guidance on how to do this. These guidelines are provided in three stages before, during and after writing the article.
Key words: Student, Supervisor, Thesis, Article
 
How to cite this article: Rezaeian M. Introducing a Guideline for Preparing an Article from a Thesis: A Continuing Education Article. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2020; 19 (9): 1003-12. [Farsi]
 

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Background and Objectives: In Iranian Islamic culture, one of the most important duties of mothers is to take care of their children. Caring for a child with a mental or physical disability is fraught with challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to review the lived experiences of mothers with children with physical and mental disabilities.
Materials and Methods: This study was performed by a qualitative approach and document analysis using meta-synthesis method to examine 13 articles related to the seven-step method of Sandlowski and Barros. The stages of this research included preparing the research question, reviewing the texts systematically, searching and selecting appropriate texts, extracting textual information, analyzing and combining qualitative findings, quality control, and presenting the findings.
Results: Dimensions and categories included individual dimensions (personal education and knowledge, emotions, spirituality, defense mechanisms, personal life) and social dimensions (social stigmas, social supports).
Conclusions: The findings of the present study revealed that mothers with disabled children experience many painful experiences and psychosocial concerns about caring for their disabled child. These findings highlight the need for specialized support for mothers during the first years of a disabled child's birth and beyond, and encourage readers and professionals to make each of these categories a potential therapeutic goal, and to strengthen mothers' strengths in resilience, and in this way prevent the damage they face.
Key words: Lived experiences, Mothers, Disabled child, Physical disability, Mental disability, Meta-synthesis, Iran

Funding: None declared.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: None declared.

How to cite this article: Salehi K, Keshavarz Afshar H, Alibakhshi H, Shahmoradi S, Mirshoja MS. The Lived Experiences of Mothers of Children with Physical and Mental Disabilities: A Meta-Synthesis Study. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2022; 20 (12): 1371-84. [Farsi]
 

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A scientific hypothesis article refers to articles that are written based on a careful study of the available evidence about a scientific problem. In this type of article, the authors try to present a hypothesis that can be tested in a laboratory environment or field, using the most important published articles in their specialty. Due to the importance of familiarity with scientific hypothesis articles for the Persian language readers, the present article is aimed to introduce such articles. The present article will first distinguish between a scientific hypothesis article and a systematic review article. Then, the structure of a scientific hypothesis article will be examined and it will be determined what parts a scientific hypothesis article consists of. The present article also contains important points about peer review of a scientific hypothesis article.
Key words: Scientific hypothesis article, Systematic review article, Peer review

How to cite this article: Rezaeian Mohsen. How to Write a Scientific Hypothesis Article. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2022; 21 (3): 367-74. [Farsi]