Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences

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A Rare Anatomical Innervation of the Musculocutaneous Nerve M.M. Taghavi MSc , M. Shariati Kohbanani MSc , S.M. Seyedmirzaee MD Received: 24/09/06 Sent for Revision: 20/02/07 Received Revised Manuscript: 07/04/07 Accepted: 27/05/07 Background and Objectives: Anatomically the musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6 ) is a branch of lateral cord of the brachial plexus and its motor nerve fibers innervates the muscles of anterior compartment of the arm. This nerve penetrates into the coracobrachialis of arm muscle and lies between biceps and brachialis muscles. At the lateral bicipital groove becomes superficial and the finally converts to lateral cutaneous nerve of the foream. Here we report a rare case of musculocutaneous nerve variation. Case Report: We found a rare anatomical form of musculocutaneous nerve during upper left limb dissection of a male cropse who was in dissecting room of Rafsanjan Medical School. His body was tall with muscular limbs, weighed 65-75Kg, 175 cm height, and fifty years old. The following variations were observed after dissecting of the axillary and arm regions. 1) The Musculocutaneous nerve arised from the lateral root of the median nerve. 2) The coracobrachialis muscle was innervated by a branch of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. 3) The Musculocutaneous nerve did not penetrate into the coracobrachialis muscle but rather passed between the brachialis and biceps muscles. At the level of lateral bicipital groove, it then became a superficial nerve as the lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm. Hense, it was very close to the brachial artery and median nerve in the upper one-third of arm. Conclusion: This study describes a rare innervation of the musculocutanous nerve and requires further study to understand the nature of this unique structure. This atypical innervation is extremely important for surgical procedures performed on the arm muscles and adjecent vessels. Key words: Musculocutaneous nerve, Variation, Brachial plexus

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Background and Objectives: According to the World Health Organization statistics, about 20 to 25% of patients admitted to the hospital are affected by different  types of nosocomial infections. Burn wound infections are the  major cause of mortality and morbidity in these patients. So, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of burn wound infection in burn ward of Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj in 2015.
Materials and Methods: In this cross- sectional study, all the 198 patients admitted to burn unit of Tohid hospital in Sanandaj city from April 2014 to March 2015 were studied. Variables such as age, sex, hospitalization time (season), burn percentage, location of burn ,and type of infection were studied. Chi-square test was used to analyze the data.
Results: Of all 198 patients, 53% (105 patients) were men. The average and standard deviation of the patients' age was 30.33± 3.82. 33 patients (16.7 %) were affected by nosocomial infection. The most prevalence of burn wound infection was occurred in autumn (23.3 %) and the highest microorganism produced infections (58%) was Staphylococcus aureus. There was a significant relationship between the burn percentage and the burn wound infections (P=0.011), so that the highest rate of infection was in the patients with the burns between 11 to 30%.
Conclusions: Due to the high prevalence of burn wound infections in the haspitalized patients at Sanandaj's Tohid hospital, compliance with control standards of infection in this unit seems to be nessesary.
Key words: Seasonal variation, Wound infection, Burn unit, Sanandaj
 
Funding: There was no funding for this study.
Conflict of Interest: None declared.
Etical approval: The Ethics Committee of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences approval the study.
 
How to cite this article: Servatyari K, Hamzehpour H, Rasouli MA. The Prevalence and Types of Burn Wound Infection in the Burn Ward of Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj in 2015: A Short Report. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2017; 16(9): 883-90. [Farsi]

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Background and Objectives: The third molar has the most diverse root position among all teeth. One of the inherent risks of extracting this tooth in the mandible is damage to the inferior alveolar nerve. Due to the difference in the placement angle and the depth of the impacted teeth, the possibility of damage to the inferior alveolar nerve is more in some patients. Considering the different variations in the position of the teeth, the aim of this study was to report and describe the position of the third molar and its proximity to the mandibular canal in a dry mandible.
Case report: At the time of evaluation of the mandibles in the Anatomy Museum, an unusual case involving the horizontal position of the left third molar was observed. The length of the tooth from the apex of the cusps to the end of the root was 21 mm and the thickness of the upper part of the tooth was 9 mm. Also, the distance between the root of the tooth and the tip of the Lingula was 19 mm. Based on the data obtained from the radiographic image, the distance between the tooth root and the mandibular canal was 2 mm.
Conclusion: Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the third molar will be useful in surgeries related to this area and to prevent damage to the inferior alveolar nerve. Furthermore, this report is important since the position of this tooth and the proximity of its root to the mandibular canal have not been documented on the bone sample so far.
Key words: Third molar tooth, Mandibular canal, Variation, Inferior alveolar nerve, Impacted tooth

Funding: This study did not have any funds.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences approved the study (IR.RUMS.REC.1401.211).
How to cite this article:  Dehghani-Soltani Samereh, Taghavi Mohammad Mohsen, Babaee Abdolreza. The Position of the Third Molar and Its Proximity to the Mandibular Canal in a Dry Mandible: A Case Report. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2023; 22 (7): 777-84. [Farsi]