fa کاربرد مدل FMEA جهت ارزیابی ریسک‌های زیست‌محیطی، ایمنی و بهداشتی مخازن ذخیره‌سازی میعانات گازی شرکت پالایش گاز پارسیان در سال 1395 بهداشت Environmental Health پژوهشي Research <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">چکیده</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:b compset;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></strong><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></strong> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شناسایی</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دقیق</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خطرات</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">صنایع</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نفت</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گاز</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">عنوان</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بخشی</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یک</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تحلیل</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ایمنی</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مورد تاکید</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سازمان</span></span></span><strong><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">&shy;</span></span></strong><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">های</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ناظر</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رسمی</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">می باشد.</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">فعالیت</span></span></span><strong><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">&shy;</span></span></strong><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">های</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">صنعتی، تکنیک</span></span></span><strong><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">&shy;</span></span></strong><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">های</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ارزیابی</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مدیریت</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ریسک</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">طریق استفاده</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رویکرد</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پیشگیری</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هدف</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بهبود</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ایمنی</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برای</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کاهش</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حوادث</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کار</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرفته</span></span></span> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">می</span></span></span><strong><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">&shy;</span></span></strong><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شود. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی ریسک&shy;های زیست&shy;محیطی، ایمنی و بهداشتی در مخازن ذخیره&shy;سازی میعانات گازی شرکت پالایش گاز پارسیان انجام شد.</span></span></span><br> <strong><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مواد و روش‌ها:</span></span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> این مطالعه توصیفی در سال 1395 انجام پذیرفت. شناسایی مخاطرات زیست&shy;محیطی، ایمنی و بهداشتی حاصل از تاسیسات و فعالیت&shy;های انسانی موجود در مخازن ذخیره&shy;سازی میعانات گازی با استفاده از تکنیک دلفی انجام و سپس ریسک&shy;های شناسایی شده با استفاده از روش </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">AHP</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">Analytical Hierarchy Process</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">)، تجزیه و تحلیل سلسله مراتبی </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">(FMEA)</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و ﺗﺠﺰیﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞﺣﺎلات ﺷﮑﺴﺖ بررسی و آﺛﺎرآن مورد ارزیابی و اولویت&shy;بندی قرار گرفت.<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"></span></span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یافته‌ها</span></span></strong>: <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در این مطالعه 17 ریسک شناسایی شد که 12 ریسک آن مربوط به زیست&shy;محیطی و 5 ریسک مربوط به ایمنی و بهداشتی بود. بر اساس نتایج به&shy;دست آمده، بالاترین میزان ریسک زیست&shy;محیطی و ایمنی- بهداشتی در مخازن به ترتیب، آتش‌سوزی بر اثر عوامل تروریستی و عمدی با عدد </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">RPN</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">Priority Nnmber Risk</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">)، 824/1 و استنشاق بخارات حین تعمیرات با عدد </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">RPN</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">، 384/3 بود.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نتیجه&shy;گیری: </span></span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بالاترین ریسک زیست&shy;محیطی مربوط به آتش‌سوزی بر اثر عوامل تروریستی بود که به دلیل موقعیت حساس کشور ما در منطقه، می باشد. در بخش ایمنی و بهداشتی نیز بالاترین ریسک مربوط به استنشاق بخارات حین تعمیرات به دلیل عدم رعایت نکات ایمنی و عدم استفاده از وسایل استحفاظی فردی می&shy;باشد. </span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">واژه های کلیدی</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ارزیابی ریسک، مخازن، میعانات گازی، </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">FMEA</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">، </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">AHP</span></span><br> &nbsp; <strong>Background and Objectives:</strong> The precise identification of the hazards of the oil and gas industry as a part of a safety analysis is emphasized by formal oversight organizations. In industrial activities, risk assessment and risk management techniques are implemented through the use of a preventive approach aimed at improving safety to reduce the incidents. The purpose of this study was to assess the environmental, health and safety risks in the gas condensate storage tanks of Parsian Gas Refinery.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This descriptive study was carried out in 2016. The identification of environmental and health hazards from the facilities and human activities in the gas condensate storage tanks was done using Delphi technique and then, the declared risks were studied using the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and FMEA (Failur Mode and Effects Analysis) methods and its effects were evaluated and prioritized.<br> <strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 17 risks were identified, 12 of which were related to the environmental risks and 5 risks related to health and safty. According to the results, the highest number of environmental and health-safety risks in the reservoirs were respectively fire from intentional and terrorist factors with RPN (Risk Priority Number) of 1.824 and inhalation of vapors during repairs with RPN of 3.384.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The highest environmental risk was related to fire from terrorists due to the sensitive position of our country in the region. In the safety-health risks section, the highest risk was related to inhalation of vapors &nbsp;during repairs due to non-compliance with safety precautions and the inability to use personal protective equipments such as mask.<br> <strong>Key words:</strong> Risk assessment, Storage tanks, Gas Condensates, FMEA, AHP<br> &nbsp;<br> <strong>Funding:</strong> This study was funded by Parsian Gas Refining Company.<br> <strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> None declared.<br> <strong>Ethical approval: </strong>The Ethics Committee of Behbahan Khatam Al-Anbia University of Technology approved this study.<br> <strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Vazdani S, Sabzghabaei Gh.R, Dashti S, Cheraghi M, Alizadeh R, Hemmati A. Application of FMEA Model for Environmental, Safety and Health Risks Assessment of Gas Condensates Storage Tanks of Parsian Gas Refining Company in 2016. <em>Univ Med Sci</em> 2018; 17 (4): 345-58. [Farsi] ارزیابی ریسک, مخازن, میعانات گازی, FMEA, AHP Risk assessment, Storage tanks, Gas Condensates, FMEA, AHP 345 358 http://journal.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3324-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 S. Vazdani صغری وزدانی s.vazdani3071@gmail.com 6900319475328460029754 6900319475328460029754 No Behbahan Khatam Al-Anbia University of Technology دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء(ص) بهبهان Gh.R. Sabzghabaei غلامرضا سبزقبایی bkatu.ac.ir 6900319475328460029755 6900319475328460029755 Yes Behbahan Khatam Al-Anbia University of Technology دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء(ص) بهبهان S. Dashti سولماز دشتی Soolmazdashti@iauahvaz.ac.ir 6900319475328460029756 6900319475328460029756 No Islamic Azad University دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی اهواز M. Cheraghi میترا چراغی gmail.com 6900319475328460029757 6900319475328460029757 No Tarbiat Modarres University دانشگاه تربیت مدرس R. Alizadeh رضا علیزاده alizadeh_environment@yahoo.com 6900319475328460029758 6900319475328460029758 No Behbahan Khatam Al-Anbia University of Technology دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء(ص) بهبهان A. Hemmati اعظم همتی yahoo.com 6900319475328460029759 6900319475328460029759 No Parsian gas refinery پالایشگاه گاز پارسیان