fa اثربخشی درمان فراشناختی بر باورپذیری افکار و احساسات اضطرابی در بیماران مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب فراگیر: یک مطالعه نیمه‌تجربی روانپزشكي روانپزشكي پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><a name="_Hlk113374001"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف: </span></span></span></b></a><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بیماران مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب فراگیر دارای مشکلات روان‌شناختی می‌باشند و نیاز به مداخلات درمانی دارند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی درمان فراشناختی بر باورپذیری افکار و احساسات اضطرابی در بیماران مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب فراگیر انجام شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مواد و روش‌ها: </span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این پژوهش نیمه&shy;تجربی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه بیماران روان‌پزشکی سرپایی کلینیک روان‌درمانی بیمارستان زارع شهر ساری در پاییز سال 1402 بود که با روش نمونه‌گیری هدف&shy;مند، تعداد 32 نفر انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه (16 نفره) آزمایش و کنترل جایگزین شدند. گروه آزمایش، 8 جلسه درمان فراشناختی دریافت نمودند و گروه گواه مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. جمع‌آوری داده‌ها با استفاده از مقیاس اختلال اضطراب فراگیر </span></span></span>Spitzer<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و همکاران (2006) و پرسش‌نامه باورپذیری افکار و احساسات اضطرابی </span></span></span>Herzberg<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و همکاران (2012) انجام شد. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیره استفاده شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته‌ها:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> درمان فراشناختی بر باورپذیری افکار و احساسات اضطرابی در بیماران مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب فراگیر تأثیر معنی‌دار داشت (</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">001/0</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">></span></span></span>P<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">). میانگین نمره باورپذیری افکار و احساسات اضطرابی در گروه آزمایش در پیش‌آزمون و </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پس‌آزمون به ترتیب 44/86 و 94/55 بود.</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این اثربخشی در ابعاد باورپذیری افکار و احساسات اضطرابی نیز مشاهده شد و اندازه اثر در کل ابزار 869/0 به دست آمد (</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">001/0</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">></span></span></span>P<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد درمان فراشناختی بر باورپذیری افکار و احساسات اضطرابی در بیماران مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب فراگیر مؤثر است. بنابراین، استفاده از این رویکرد با هدف کمک به بهبود سلامت روان این بیماران پیشنهاد می‌گردد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">واژه‌های کلیدی: </span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اختلال اضطرابی، سلامت روان، اختلال هیجانی، پای&shy;بندی به دارو</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="FA" style="font-size:1.0pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span 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ZHJhd2luZ3MvX3JlbHMvZHJhd2luZzEueG1sLnJlbHNQSwUGAAAAAAUABQBnAQAATgwAAAAA " style="position:absolute; left:0; text-align:left; margin-left:20px; margin-top:3px; width:467.05pt; height:57.4pt; z-index:-251652608; v-text-anchor:top"> <w:wrap anchorx="margin"> </w:wrap></v:roundrect><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:4.0pt"><span style="line-height:110%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:1.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:1.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:1.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">Background and Objectives:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> Patients with generalized anxiety disorder have psychological problems and require therapeutic interventions. The current study aimed to determine the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on the the believability of anxious feelings and thoughts in patients with generalized anxiety disorder.</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">Materials and Methods:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> This study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all outpatient psychiatric patients at the Zare Hospital Psychiatric Clinic in Sari in the fall 2023. Thirty-two individuals were selected using purposive sampling and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups (16 individuals each). The experimental group received 8 sessions of metacognitive therapy, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Data collection was done using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale by Spitzer et al. (2006) and the Believability of Anxious Feelings and Thoughts Questionnaire by Herzberg et al. (2012). Multivariate analysis of covariance were used for data analysis.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">Results:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> Metacognitive therapy had a significant effect on the believability of anxious feelings and thoughts in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (p<0.001). The mean of believability of anxious feelings and thoughts scores in the experimental group were 86.44 and 55.94 in the pretest and posttest, respectively. This effectiveness was observed across all dimensions of believability of anxious feelings and thoughts with an effect size of 0.869 on the overall (p<0.001).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">Conclusion:</span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">The results of this study indicate that metacognitive therapy is effective in improving the believability of anxious feelings and thoughts in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Therefore, it is recommended this approach be used to enhance the mental health of these patients.</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">Keywords:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> Anxiety disorder, Mental health, Emotional disturbance, Medication adherence</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">Funding:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> This study did not have any funds.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">Conflict of interest:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> None declared.</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">Ethical considerations:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> The Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University of Sari approved the study (IR.IAU.SARI.REC.1402.207).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">Authors&rsquo; Contributions:</span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">- Conceptualization:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> Mobina khalilnezhadevati</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">- Methodology:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> Mobina khalilnezhadevati, Ghodratollah Abbasi</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">- Data collection:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> <a name="_Hlk168823546">Mobina khalilnezhadevati, </a><a name="_Hlk168823521">Ghodratollah Abbasi, Pezhman Hadinezhad</a></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">- Formal analysis:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> Ghodratollah Abbasi, Mobina khalilnezhadevati </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">- Supervision:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> Ghodratollah Abbasi</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">- Project administration:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> Ghodratollah Abbasi</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%">- Writing - original draft:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"> Mobina khalilnezhadevati, Ghodratollah Abbasi, Pezhman Hadinezhad</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">- Writing - review & editing:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Mobina khalilnezhadevati, Ghodratollah Abbasi, Pezhman Hadinezhad</span></span></span> اختلال اضطرابی, سلامت روان, اختلال هیجانی, پای‌بندی به دارو Anxiety disorder, Mental health, Emotional disturbance, Medication adherence 250 263 http://journal.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-6686-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mobina khalilnezhadevati مبینا خلیل نژاداواتی khalilnezhd@gmail.com 6900319475328460058350 0009-0004-4027-0897 No Islamic Azad University, Sari branch دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ساری Ghodratollah Abbasi قدرت اله عباسی gh_abbasi@iausari.ac.ir 6900319475328460058351 6900319475328460058351 Yes Islamic Azad University, Sari branch دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ساری Pezhman Hadinezhad پژمان هادی نژاد phadinezhad@mazums.ac.ir 6900319475328460058352 6900319475328460058352 No Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران