fa مقایسه اثربخشی درمان فراشناختی و درمان چشم‌انداز زمان بر تنظیم هیجان افراد وابسته به مواد مخدر: یک مطالعه نیمه‌تجربی روانپزشكي Psychiatry پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> سوءمصرف مواد یک فاجعه برای افراد مصرف‌کننده، خانواده&shy;شان و جامعه می‌باشد. روند رو به افزایش آن</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">چالش‌های بزرگی را برای افراد و سیستم&shy;های بهداشتی ایجاد می‌کنند. استراتژی‌های درمانی مؤثر برای مقابله با این چالش‌ها ضروری هستند. بنابراین، پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه اثربخشی درمان فراشناختی و درمان چشم‌انداز زمان بر تنظیم هیجان افراد وابسته به مواد مخدر انجام شد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مواد و روش‌ها:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> این پژوهش شبه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پی‌گیری همراه با گروه گواه بود. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">جامعه آماری شامل کلیه مردان وابسته به مواد مخدر مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز ترک اعتیاد شهر کرمانشاه در سال 1403 بود که</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> 60 نفر از آن‌ها به‌روش نمونه&shy;گیری در دسترس انتخاب و </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به‌صورت تصادفی در سه گروه (20 نفره) جایگزین شدند. گروه فراشناختی 8 جلسه و گروه چشم‌انداز زمان 6 جلسه تحت مداخله قرار گرفتند و گروه گواه مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. جمع‌آوری داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه دشواری در تنظیم هیجان </span></span></span>Gratz<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span></span>Roemer<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> (2004) انجام شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از آنالیز واریانس دوطرفه با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر تجزیه‌ و تحلیل شدند. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته‌ها:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> اثر مداخلات بر بهبودی تنظیم هیجان (001/0=</span></span></span>P<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، 50/959=</span></span></span>F<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) افراد وابسته به مواد مخدر معنی‌دار بود و این اثرات مثبت در دوره پی‌گیری پایدار ماند. هم‌چنین، بین شیوه‌های درمانی تفاوت آماری معنادار وجود داشت (001/0></span></span></span>P<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و درمان فراشناختی بر تنظیم هیجان این افراد اثربخشی بیشتری داشت (001/0></span></span></span>P<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> با توجه به تأثیر درمان فراشناختی بر تنظیم هیجان افراد وابسته به مواد مخدر در پژوهش حاضر، توجه بیشتر به انجام آموزش‌ها بر اساس این مداخله پیشنهاد می‌شود.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">واژه‌های کلیدی:</span></span></span></b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> وابستگی به مواد مخدر، تنظیم هیجان، درمان فراشناختی، درمان چشم‌انداز زمان</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><a name="_Hlk114425361"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Background and Objectives: </span></span></b></a><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Substance abuse is a disaster for individuals, their families, and society. Its increasing trend creates significant challenges for individuals and healthcare systems. Effective treatment strategies are essential to address these challenges. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and time perspective therapy on emotion regulation in individuals with substance use disorder.</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Materials and Methods:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population included all men with substance use disorder referred to addiction treatment centers in Kermanshah in 2024. Sixty individuals were selected via convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups (n=20 per group). The metacognitive group received 8 sessions, and the time perspective group received 6 sessions of intervention, while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale by Gratz and Roemer (2004). The data was analyzed using two-way</span></span><i> </i><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">repeated measures ANOVA.</span></span><i><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"></span></span></i></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Results:</span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">The effect of the interventions on improving emotion regulation (F=959.50, p=0.001) in individuals with substance use disorder was significant, and these positive effects remained stable during the follow-up period. Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference between the treatment methods (p<0.001), with metacognitive therapy being more effective in regulating the emotions of these individuals (p<0.001).</span></span><i><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"></span></span></i></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Conclusion:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Considering the impact of metacognitive therapy on emotion regulation in individuals with substance use disorder in the present study, more attention to providing training based on this intervention is recommended.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Keywords:</span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Drug dependence, Emotion regulation, Metacognitive therapy, Time perspective therapy</span></span><i><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"></span></span></i></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Funding:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> This study did not have any funds.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Conflict of interest:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> None declared.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Ethical considerations: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">The Ethics Committee of Azad University, Ilam Branch, approved the study (IR.IAU.ILAM.REC.1403.095).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Authors&rsquo; contributions:</span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Conceptualization:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Hadis Valizadeh</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Methodology: </span></span></b><span class="MsoHyperlink" style="color:#0563c1"><span style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none"><a href="https://ijms.ut.ac.ir/author" style="color:#0563c1; text-decoration:underline">Hadis</a></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Valizadeh, Shahram Mami, Homeira Soleimannejad, Zeinab Mihandoost</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Data collection: </span></span></b><span class="MsoHyperlink" style="color:#0563c1"><span style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none"><a href="https://ijms.ut.ac.ir/author" style="color:#0563c1; text-decoration:underline">Hadis</a></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Valizadeh, Shahram Mami, Homeira Soleimannejad, Zeinab Mihandoost</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Formal analysis: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">Hadis Valizadeh, Shahram Mami</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Supervision:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Shahram Mami</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Project administration:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Shahram Mami</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Writing - original draft:</span></span></b> <span class="MsoHyperlink" style="color:#0563c1"><span style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none"><a href="https://ijms.ut.ac.ir/author" style="color:#0563c1; text-decoration:underline">Hadis</a></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Valizadeh, Shahram Mami, Homeira Soleimannejad, Zeinab Mihandoost</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="tab-stops:-45.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%">- Writing - review & editing: </span></span></b><span class="MsoHyperlink" style="color:#0563c1"><span style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none"><a href="https://ijms.ut.ac.ir/author" style="color:#0563c1; text-decoration:underline">Hadis</a></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:135%"> Valizadeh, Shahram Mami, Homeira Soleimannejad, Zeinab Mihandoost</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; وابستگی به مواد مخدر, تنظیم هیجان, درمان فراشناختی, درمان چشم‌انداز زمان Drug dependence, Emotion regulation, Metacognitive therapy, Time perspective therapy 123 140 http://journal.rums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-6930-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Hadis Valizadeh حدیث ولی زاده Valizadeh_h69@yahoo.com 6900319475328460060473 6900319475328460060473 No Ph.D. Student, Department of Psychology, Ilam branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران Shahram Mami شهرام مامی Shahram.mami@yahoo.com 6900319475328460060474 6900319475328460060474 Yes Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران Homeira Soleimannejad حمیرا سلیمان نژاد soleimannejadh@yahoo.com 6900319475328460060475 6900319475328460060475 No Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران Zeinab Mihandoost زینب میهن دوست mihandost@ilam-iau.ac.ir 6900319475328460060476 6900319475328460060476 No Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران