Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
1735-3165
6
1
2007
6
1
Effects of Tamsolusin on Serum Testosterone and Gonadotropins Concentration in Adult Male Rats
1
6
FA
M.
Mokhtari
M.
Shariati
J.
Amiri
Effects of Tamsolusin on Serum Testosterone and Gonadotropins Concentration in Adult Male Rats M. Mokhtari PhD , M. Shariati PhD , J. Amiri MSc Received: 06/06/06 Sent for Revision: 18/10/06 Received Revised Manuscript: 25/11/06 Accepted: 27/01/07 Background and Objective: Tamsulosin hydrochloride (HCl) is an alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist and its ability to inhibit alpha-1 adrenoceptor is more than alpha-2 adrenoceptor. Due to the important therapeutic role of Tamsulosin HCl in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), its side effects on the endocrine axes are also very important. The aim of the present research was to determine the effect of Tamsulosin HCl on serum level of testosterone and gonadotropins , and also on the spermatogengsis in adult male rats . Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 8. The experimental groups received 100, 300, and 600 mg/kg/day of Tamsulosin for 28 days. The sham group were treated with distilled water and the control group received nothing. The blood samples were taken on day 28 and the blood concentration of LH, FSH and testosterone were measured by RIA. Simulataneously, the testes of all rats were removed to assess the possible histological changes. The results were analysed using ANOVA and Duncan tests. The level of significance was considered at p≤0.05. Results: The results indicated that at doses used in our study, Tamsulosin HCl had no significant effect on serum LH and FSH. However, this drug at high concentration was able to decrease the level of testostrone. Also, our histological studies showed a decrease in density of spermatoza in the seminiferous tubules in some sections only at high doses of the drug. Conclusion: According to this research and the results from other similar studies, Tamsulosin at high dose is possibly able to decrease the serum oncentration of testostrone through either the effect on steroidogenesis enzymes in testes, or its inactivation properties on adrenergic and serotonergic systems involved in steroidogenesis. So, it seems that alpha adrenergic receptor blockers possibly have some deleterious effect on spermatogenesis causing infertility in male rats. However further studies need to confirm these results. Key words: Tamsulosin, Testosterone, Gonadotropins, Rats
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
1735-3165
6
1
2007
6
1
Evaluation of the Effect of Gabapentin in the Enhances of the Analgesic Response to Morphine in Tail Flick of Male Rats
7
14
FA
G.R.
Sepehri
M.
Shamsi Meymandi
M.
Mobasher
R.
Mohammadi
A.
Mohalati
Evaluation of the Effect of Gabapentin in the Enhances of the Analgesic Response to Morphine in Tail Flick of Male Rats GR. Sepehri PhD [1] , M. Shamsi Meymandi MSc [2] , M. Mobasher [3] , R. Mohammadi [4] , A. Mohalati4 Received: 06/06/06 Sent for Revision: 01/11/06 Received Revised Manuscript: 15/03/07 Accepted: 29/04/07 Background and Objective: Opioids, as drug of choice in acute pain treatment, have many side effects including dependency. Therefore, the combinational therapy of other drugs accompanied with opioids could decrease the side effects, tolerance and opioid dependency. In this study the effect of gabapentin and morphine co-administration was evaluated in acute model of pain. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the antinociceptive effect of gabapentin (30 or 90mg/kg, s.c.) and morphine (0.5, 1 and 3mg/kg, s.c.) alone or in combination with gabapentin were measured by Tail-flick test every 15 minuxtes up to 105 mins in intact adult male rats. Control rats received normal saline. Area Under Curve (AUC), as antinociceptive index, was calculated for each groups. Results: Both gabapentin (90mg/kg) and morphine (1 and 3mg/kg) showed antinociceptive response as compared to controls (p<0.05). But there was not any significant differences between the (AUC) of 0.5mg/kg morphine and 30mg/kg gabapentin as compared to controls, so these doses were considered as subanalgesic doses. The co-administration of subanalgesic doses of morphine (0.5mg/kg) and gabapentin (30mg/kg) increased significantly AUC as compared to morphine alone (p<0.001). The co-administration of gabapentin (30 and 90mg/kg) with analgesic doses of 1mg/kg (p<0.005) and 3mg/kg morphine also increased significantly AUC antinociceptive index as compared to controls (p<0.05). Conclusion: Gabapentin enhanced the antinociceptive effects of both analgesic and subanalgesic doses of morphine in a dose dependent manner in acute pain model in male rats. Key words: Gabapentin, Morphine, Co-administration, Acute pain, Antinociception [1] - Professor, Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Neuroscience Research Center , Physiology Research Center , University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran (Corresponding Author) Tel: (0341)3220081 , Fax: ( 0 341) 3221672, Email: gsepehri@yahoo.com [2] - Instructor, Dept. of Physiology ad Pharmacology, University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran [3] - Researcher, Neuroscience Research Center , Azad University, Kerman , Iran [4] - Student, Physiology Research Center, Azad University, Kerman, Iran
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
1735-3165
6
1
2007
6
1
Evaluation the Affecting Factors in Lipid Peroxidation of Hemodialysis and Renal Transplanted Patients
15
24
FA
GR.
Moshtaghi Kashanian
N.
Rashtchi
H.
Ardakani
A.
Ghorbani Haghjoo
Evaluation the Affecting Factors in Lipid Peroxidation of Hemodialysis and Renal Transplanted Patients
GR. Moshtaghi Kashanian PhD , N. Rashtchi PhD , H. Ardakani MD , A. Ghorbani Haghjoo PhD2
Received: 23/07/05 Sent for Revision: 25/09/06 Received Revised Manuscript: 21/01/07 Accepted: 26/02/07
Background and Objective: Atherosclerosis is the most important cause of death in hemodialysis and renal transplanted patients while hyperlipidemia and lipid peroxidation are considered major risk factors of it. For this reason, the most important goals of therapy are elimination of risk factors of atherosclerosis among these patients. Since peroxidation of lipids are a multifactorial process and all factors have not been investigated in one study, we decided to investigate, serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, cholesterol contained of high density lipoprotein (HDL-c), concentration of albumin, total magnesium (Mg), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant of these patients and compare the results with corresponding data obtained for age and sex matched control group.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 30 patients who were on hemodialysis and 30 renal transplanted patients were participated. Parameters mentioned above were measured using sera separated from the fasting blood collected from the patients. Evaluation of these parameters were done by following protocols provided by the manufactures of the kits, The results obtained were compared with the corresponding data of 30 healthy persons who served as control group. In addition, the cholesterol contained of low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) was calculated and plasma level of cyclosporine was measured for renal transplanted patients.
Results: Evaluated data showed elevation in the serum levels of triglycerides (p<0.05), MDA (p<0.001) and decrease in the serum levels of total antioxidant among hemodialysis and renal transplanted patients (p<0.001). In addition, the serum levels of magnesium in hemodialysis patients were higher than control group (p<0.01), while it was lower in renal transplant patients (p<0.01). Finally, Serum albumin levels were significantly lower in the patient groups, when compared with control group (p<0.01). Pearson regression analysis showed a positive and significant correlation between triglycerides level and MDA (r= -0.47, p<0.001) and negative correlation with total antioxidant (r=-0.42, p<0.001). In addition, there was a negative and significant correlation between Mg and cyclosporine level (r=-0.44, p<0.01) among renal transplanted patients.
Conclusion: In conclusion, present results demonstrated that cyclosporine is the most important cause of hypomagnesaemia in renal transplanted patients. Therefore, oral magnesium supplement should be used for these patients, when cyclosporine recommended. In addition, low levels of antioxidant detected among the patient groups suggest that prescription of oral antioxidant such as vitamin C and E could reduce the risk of atherosclerosis in these patients.
Key words: Renal Transplant, Hemodialysis, Antioxidant, MDA, Magnesium, Lipid Profile
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
1735-3165
6
1
2007
6
1
Diagnostic Value of Fibrin/Fibrinogen Degradation Products and its Comparsion with Urine Cytology in the Diagnosis of Bladder Carcinoma
25
30
FA
M.R.
Moein
V.
Dehghani
Diagnostic Value of Fibrin/Fibrinogen Degradation Products and its Comparsion with Urine Cytology in the Diagnosis of Bladder Carcinoma
M.R. Moein MD , V. Dehghani MD
Received: 16/06/06 Sent for Revision: 01/11/06 Received Revised Manuscript: 05/02/07 Accepted: 12/03/07
Background and Objective: The bladder tumar is common in urinary system and its certain diagnostic method is cystoscopy that is a noninvasive method. In this study the sensitivity and specificity of the urinary FDP (Fibrin Degradation Products) in diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of bladder was determined and compared with urine cytology during the course of the disease.
Materials and Methods: In this evaluation study of diagnostic test, 60 cases with confirmed bladder carcinoma admitted to Rahnemoon Hospital in Yazd were included. Urine samples were collected before any intervention for cytologic examination and also for checking the FDP according to manufacturer's instruction (FDP Aurateck Kit). Patients were randomy divided into three groups based on the stages and grades of the disease. Sensitivity and specificity of each test was also determined.
Results: Sixty urine samples were evaluated. Thirty four patients were male and 26 were female. Mean age of patients was 62.3±11 years. Sensitivity of FDP and Cytology in patients with grade I was 63% and 8%, in grade II 64% and 28%, and in grade III and also IV 89% and 50% respectively. These values in patients with stage Ta were 64% and 34%, in stage T1 and T2 65% and 22% and in stage T3 and, T4 63% and 43% respectively. Overall, the sensitivity of FDP was 68% and for cytology was 38% (p<0.005). The positive predictive value for FDP was 100% and the negative predictive value was 30.4%.
Conclusion: Our study showed that urinary FDP is a valuable diagnostic test which has greater sensitivity and specificity than cytology in bladder carcinoma and its accuracy is not affected by the stage and grade of the tumor.
Key words: Bladder Tumor, FDP, Cytology, Tumor Marker, Diagnostic Value
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
1735-3165
6
1
2007
6
1
Child Abuse Prevalence Among Addicts Referred to the Rafsanjan Addiction Withdrawal Center in 2005
37
44
FA
G.
Kholasezadeh
H.
Bakhshi
M.
Nazer
A.R.
Sayadi
M.
Pourgholami
A.H.
Rabbani
Child Abuse Prevalence Among Addicts Referred to the Rafsanjan Addiction Withdrawal Center in 2005Received: 10/01/06 Sent for Revision:
G. Kholasezadeh MD , H. Bakhshi MSc , M. Nazer MSc , A.R. Sayadi MSc , M. Pourgholami MD , A.H. Rabbani
20/05/06 Received Revised Manuscript: 15/01/07 Accepted: 12/03/07
Background and Objective: Child abuse and neglect of children referred to the physical, psychological, emotional or sexual abuse, these circumstances result in detrimental impacts on health, welfare and education of children. Based on these considerations, the present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of child abuse among addicts referred to the Rafsanjan Addiction Withdrawal Center in 2005.
Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 648 addicts randomly selected. A questionnaire was completed for each particpant and the data were then analysed using X2 test.
Results: The findings of this study showed that 81.9% of the participants were child abusers and 87.8% of them were 41-60 years old. The percentages of child abuse found in the participants with a history of parenteral drug-abuse, addiction in their families, divorce, physical harassment, and neglect during their childhood were 93.3%, 89%, 95%, 90.9% and 87.9% respectively. Slapping (17.86%) and deprivation of talking and attention (16.44%) were the most common type of physical child abuse and neglect. In 20.82% cases, the child abuse occurred at the withdrawal period of addiction. The most frequent feelings after child abuse for the child abusers were regret and sadness (36.87% and 35.25% respectively).
conclusion: This study showed that there is a direct relationship between child abuse and addiction to opiates. Also there are other factors related to child abuse including level of education, economic situation, a history of addiction and divorce in the family of child abuse victims. Therefore, the necessity of an organized care system for children and addicted parents and regulating of suppportive rules are obvious and of superme value.
Key words: Child Abuse, Addiction, Opiates, Self Introducer Clinic
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
1735-3165
6
1
2007
6
1
In vitro Comparsion of Two Implanted Materials, Iranian (Root MTA) and Foreign (Pro Root – MTA), Regarding dye Microleakage of Furcation Perforation in Human Molar
61
66
FA
H.
Labaf
K.
Nazari Moghadam
K.
Honardar
In vitro Comparsion of Two Implanted Materials, Iranian (Root MTA) and Foreign (Pro Root – MTA), Regarding dye Microleakage of Furcation Perforation in Human Molar
H. Labaf DDs , K. Nazari Moghadam DDs , K. Honardar DDs2
Received: 19/04/06 Sent for Revision: 12/07/06 Received Revised Manuscript: 15/03/07 Accepted: 17/03/07
Background and Objective: One of the great challenges in dental practice is root perforation sealing. At present time, there are two therapeutic methods for perforation, filling and surgical removal of affected area. In this in vitro study, we compared the sealing ability of two implanted materials, Iranian domestic Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (Root MTA) and foreign (Pro root MTA).
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 58 selected maxilary and mandibular molar teeth were assigned into four experimental groups of 13 teeth and 2 groups of three teeth as control. Availability of the cavities was assessed prior to perforating of the furcal areas utilizing a No. 2 round bur. The defects were then filled using foreign MTA (Pro root) and Iranian MTA. All of the subjects were incubated for 72 hours. In the next step, nail polish was applied in two layers to the surfaces of the teeth, except for the perforation areas and coronal portions which were filled with Amalgam. Once the nail polish dried, they were placed into 2% fuchsine solution for 12 hrs. The teeth were then mesio-distally resected using 72mm disk and evaluated separately by two endodontists using a stereomicroscope with a magnificantion of × 20. Data were analysied by T-test and ANOVA.
Results: Results indicated that there was a significant difference between the two groups regarding dye leakage (p=0.025). Pro MTA showed a lower leakage compare to Iranian MTA (root MTA).
Conclusion: The quality of Root MTA as a filling material may need to be improved in order to gain enough qualification as an alternative to Pro root MTA.
Key words: Root MTA, Furcal Perforation, Pro Root (MTA), Dye Leakage, Seal Ability
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
1735-3165
6
1
2007
6
1
The Effects of Low Doses of Diagnostic X-rays on Cellular and Humoral Immunological Responses in Balb/c Mice
77
84
FA
S.M.J
Mortazavi
A.
Jafarzadeh
M.H.
Khosravi
J.
Ahmadi
L.A.
Mehdipour
B.
Behnejad
M.
Pourgholami
A.
Manshoori
The Effects of Low Doses of Diagnostic X-rays on Cellular and Humoral Immunological Responses in Balb/c Mice
S.M.J Mortazavi PhD , A. Jafarzadeh PhD , M.H. Khosravi GP , J. Ahmadi GP , L.A. Mehdipour BSc , B. Behnejad BSc5, M. Pourgholami MD , A. Manshoori MD
Received: 19/12/05 Sent for Revision: 16/01/06 Received Revised Manuscript: 10/05/07 Accepted: 15/05/07
Background and Objective: The immunosuppressive effects of high doses of ionizing radiation have long been known. Recently, in human and experimental animal models it has been reported that low dose radiation may have immunostimulatory effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low doses of diagnostic X-ray on cell mediated and humoral immune responses in a Balb/c animal model.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, three groups of male Balb/c mice were exposed once, twice and three times to 30 mGy X-ray radiation. Two to 4hrs after the irradiation, the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) and humoral responses to sheep red blood cell (SRBC) were measured and compared to the responses of sham and control groups.
Results: The mean titer of anti-SRBC antibodies in two-times irradiated (74.66±26.12 ) and three-times irradiated (128±70.1) groups were significantly higher than those of the control (26.66 ± 8.26) and sham (28.8 ± 20.86) groups (p<0.001). However, no significant differences were observed between the mean titer of anti-SRBC antibodies in one-time irradiated (22.4±8.76) and either control or sham groups. Similarly, comparing DTH responses showed that the differences between either two-times irradiated (12.2±3.9) or three times-irradiated (6.9±3.7) and control (4±0.2) or sham (4.3±3) groups was statistically significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Theses results showed that twice and three-times irradiated mice demonstrated significant stimulatory effects on both DTH and antibody responses. However, one-time irradiated animals did not exhibit any bio-positive effect on DTH and humoral responses. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was observed between the DTH and antibody responses of two-times and three-times irradiated mice.
Key words: X-ray, Low Dose Radiation, Cellular and Humoral Immunological Response.
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
1735-3165
6
1
2007
6
1
Hymenolepis Nana Infection in a 6-Year Old Child with Uncommon Manifestations: A Case Report
85
90
FA
R.
Darakhshan
Hymenolepis Nana Infection in a 6-Year Old Child with Uncommon Manifestations: A Case Report
R. Darakhshan MD
Received: 01/07/06 Sent for Revision: 06/12/06 Received Revised Manuscript: 04/02/07 Accepted: 05/02/07
Background and Objective: Hymenolepis is a comman parasitism disease in the developing countries that usually is manifested with nonspecific symptoms and this desease diagnoses accidently. In this case report, a 6 year old boy sufferd from fever, tremor, meningismus, weight loss and abdominal pain has been described.
Case Report: He had experienced a weight loss of about 5 kg and reported a periodic fever predominantly at nights for 2-3 months. Primary tests including, CBC, Urine analysis, Stool examination(S/E) and LP were normal. Clinical examination showed three mobile submandibular lymph nodes with maximum size of 1×1 cm. A solid and tender epigastric mass extended to the umbilical region was also detected. The abdomen was soft with no organomegaly. Abdominal sonography confirmed the presence of a hang mass 66 x 25mm in size, located between aorta and superior mesenteric artery in epigastric region causing a space between aorta and superior mesenteric artery was detected. CT-Scan showed mesenteric lymph nodes as multiple and integrated masses. The report of MRI, performed to exclude brain metastase and the MRI was normal. In bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, megakaryocytes and hypereosinophilia and an increase of PMN were detected.
Since the signs and symptoms including headache and lethargy continued, an explorative and therapeutic laparatomy was conducted. The second stool exam after operation was positive for H.Nana eggs. Liver biopsy showed an eosinophilia. The patient was treated with niclosamide. The patient's clinical presentation improved four days after treatment with no changes in the size of mass prednisolon was added to niclosamide. The mass was reduced 10 days after treatment and S/E turned to negative for H.nana egg. The patient was discharged and after month, there was no sign of the mass in abdominal sonography. The patient completely recoverd in the next year but the serology test of H.nana remained positive .
Conclusion: In conclusion, in the light of this case the results of other similar studies, we suggest that H. nana be included among the intestinal parasites to be investigated in newly arrived children from low hygiene areas. Because H.nana infections may presrnt with unusual and nonspecific manifestations.
Key words: Hymenolepis Nana, Abdominal Mass, Meningismus