69 1735-3165 Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences 1285 آموزش پزشکی Second self-appraisal on the Publication Process of Articles published in the Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (J RUMS) 2006-2011 Rezaeian M. Salem Z. Besharat F. Hadavi M. Vazirinejad R. 1 4 2012 11 1 1 10 14 03 2012   Background and Objectives : Continuous appraisal of the publication process of articles is warranted for developing future research activities. The aim of the present study was the determination of the publication process of articles published in the Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (JRUMS).   Materials and Methods : In this descriptive study, all published papers in the JRUMS through the years 2006-2011 were examined. Data collecting tool was a pre-designed checklist for the first self-appraisal which was based on the new strategies of editorial boards . A number of items were added to this checklist including: funding, conflict of interest, and ethical approval . Data were then analyzed by Chi- Square and independent t-tests.   Results: Out of 948 submitted articles, 208 articles (%22) had been published. The most frequent types of study was related to the descriptive ones (30.2%). Twenty seven (22.5%) of authors had received the acceptance letters six months after the submission of their articles.   Conclusion: Although the results indicated improvements in some areas, more cooperation among authors with referees and editorial staff is needed to reduce the acceptance time.   Key words: Publication process, Quality, Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences     Funding: This research was funded by Research Council of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.   Conflict of interest: All the authors are among editorial team of JRUMS.   Ethical approval: It was not Necessary.     How to cite this article : Rezaeian M, Salem Z, Besharat F, Hadavi M.Vazirinejad R. Second self-appraisal on the Publication Process of Articles published in the Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (J RUMS) 2006-2011 . J Rafsanjan Univ Med scie 2012 11(1): 1-10. [Farsi]  
1320 Biochemistry Survey on the Effects of Different Concentrations of Citrullus Colocynthis Fruit Powder on Some of the Blood Biochemical Factors in Normal and Diabetic Male Rats Mahmoodi M. Sayyadi AR. HosseiniZijoud SM. Hajizadeh M.R. Kazemi Arababadi M. Asadikaram G.R. Mirzai MR. Poladvand V. Sadeghi A. Shamsi zadeh A. 1 4 2012 11 1 11 20 08 05 2012   Background and Objectives : Diabetes is one of the most common endocrine diseases. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of the different concentrations of Citrullus colocynthis fruit powder that its anti-diabetics effects had been reported, on some of blood glucose, cholesterol and TG in diabetic male rats.   Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 rats divided in 4 groups with 10 members. Three groups received the amounts of 1%, 2% and 5% concentrations of the Citrullus colocynthis fruit powder at the basal diet daily for 28 days and diabetic control group had basic diet without any Citrullus colocynthis. Blood sample were collected from eyes at the beginning and the end of the experiment then some biochemical factors were measured. Data analysis was performed using Paired t-test, and one-way ANOVA followed by multiple comparisons of Tukey test.   Results : Consumption of different concentration of Citrullus colocynthis fruit powder reduced significantly the plasma level of blood glucose, cholesterol and TG (p<0.05 ).   Conclusion : Citrullus colocynthis with concentrations used in this study suggested positive effect on the reduction of sugar and some lipids in diabetes disease. Compared with different concentrations, 5%, 1% and 2% concentrations of Citrullus colocynthis showed the most reduction in blood glucosd, cholesterol, and TG, respectively.   Key word : Diabetes mellitus, Citrullus Colocynthis, Rat     Funding : This study was funded by Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences .   Conflict of interest : None declared.   Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences approved the study .     How to cite this article : Mahmoodi M, Sayyadi AR, HosseiniZijoud SM , Hajizadeh M.R, Kazemi Arababadi M, Asadikaram G.R , Mirzai MR, Poladvand V, Sadeghi A, Shamsi zadeh A, Hassanshahi G.H. Survey on the Effects of Different Concentrations of Citrullus Colocynthis Fruit Powder on Some of the Blood Biochemical Factors in Normal and Diabetic Male Rats . J Rafsanjan Univ Med scie 2012 11(1): 11-20. [Farsi] 3211 Environmental Health Aquaporin 4 Expression and Protective Role of Sex Steroids on Trauma-Induced Brain Injury in Female Rats Shahrokhi N. Khaksari M. Mohammadi Gh.A. Abassi R. Siahposht A. Mahmoodi R. 1 4 2012 11 1 21 34 12 03 2016 12 03 2016 Background and Objectives: The brain damage caused by trauma is the most common cause of death. The neuroprotection effects of estrogen and progesterone have been reported in numerous studies. In the present study, the role of different doses of sex steroids has been investigated on the aquaporin 4 protein concentration changes in brain tissue of ovariectomized (OVX) rats after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Materials and Methods: In this experimental interventional study, 140 female rats N-MRI were randomly divided into seven groups and each group group further subdivided into two subgroups as follows; sham group, ovariectomized sham group, vehicle, physiologic and pharmacologic estrogen at doses 33.3 µg/kg, and 1 mg/kg  respectively, physiologic and pharmacologic progesterone at doses 1.7 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg  group. TBI was induced for groups 3-7 by Marmarou method. Thirty minutes after TBI, the hormones were intraperitoneally injected. Parameters such as Evans blue content, and water content and aquaporin 4 concentration were determined 5h  and 24h after TBI respectively. Results: Compared to the vehicle group, physiologic and pharmacologic doses of estrogen could significantly diminish the aquaporin 4 expression and water content (p<0.01), and permeability of blood - brain barrier (p<0.001). While physiologic and pharmacologic doses of progesterone had a same effect as estrogen on brain water content (p<0.001), this effect was not observed on aquaporin 4 expression.  The brain Evans blue content at physiologic dose of progesterone was significantly lower than vehicle group, but it was higher at pharmacologic dose (p<0.001). Conclusion: We concluded that only physiologic and pharmacologic doses of estrogen reduced the aquaporin 4 expression  in OVX rats after TBI. Based on our results, estrogen may have a therapeutic effect on brain injury. Keywords: Estrogen, Progesterone, aquaporin 4 expression, Traumatic brain injury Funding: this research was funded by Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Conflict of interest: None declared. Ethical Approval: the Ethical Committee of Kerman University of Medical Sciences approved the study. How to cite this article: Shahrokhi N, Khaksari M, Mohammadi Gh.A, Abassi R, Siahposht A, Mahmoodi R. Aquaporin 4 Expression and Protective Role of Sex Steroids on Trauma-Induced Brain Injury in Female Rats. J Rafsanjan Univ Med scie 2012; 11(1): 21-34. [Farsi] 1295 آموزش پزشکی The Impact of Motivation on English Language Acquisition among Medical and Dentistry Students at Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Hashemi Z. Hadavi M. Rezaeian M. 1 4 2012 11 1 35 44 14 03 2012   Background and objectives : Motivation is an important aspect of language acquisition. Researchers have classified motivation into two types of integrative and instrumental. Based on the importance of these two kinds of motivations, this study has been devised to determine the motivations of medical and dentistry students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences on language learning.   Materials and Methods: In this cross- descriptive study, 200 students of the dentistry and medical schools were chosen by random sampling in 2009. The data gathering method was the integrative and instrumental motivation scale of Gardner. The data were then analyzed using t test.   Results: Out of the participants 35.5% were dentistry and 64.5% were medical students: 44.8% were male, and 55.2% were female. The mean of the total points of the integrative motivation was 3.83, while the mean of the instrumental motivation was 4.21. Results indicated that the students had a high motivation and positive attitudes towards learning English. There was no statistical difference between the two types of motivations.   Conclusion: This study indicated that there is a high motivation among the medical and dentistry students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in learning English. Their motivation had also increased since the highschool period, therfore Students should be encouraged to become more motivated inorder to learn the English language fluently.   Keywords: Integrative, Instrumental, Motivation, Second Language, English Language, Students     Funding : This study was funded by Rafsanjan Univercity of Medical Sciences.   Conflict of interest : Non declared.   Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan Univercity of Medical Sciences approved the study.    How to cite this article : Hashemi Z, Hadavi M, Rezaeian M. Impact of Motivation on English Language Acquisition among Medical and Dentistry Students at Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. J Rafsanjan Univ Med scie 2012 11(1): 37-46. [Farsi] 1287 Physiology Effects of the Aqueous and Alcoholic Extracts of Anethum Graveolens L (dill) on Pentylenetetrazol-induced Seizures in Male Mice Mohammadzadeh M. Pajhhan A. Mirnajafizadeh S.J. Rakhshani M.H. 1 4 2012 11 1 45 54 14 03 2012   Effects of the Aqueous and Alcoholic Extracts of Anethum Graveolens L (dill) on Pentylenetetrazol-induced Seizures in Male Mice     M. Mohammadzadeh [1] , A. Pajhhan1, S.J. Mirnajafizadeh [2] , M.H. Rakhshani [3]     Received: 13/10/2010 Sent for Revision: 13/11/2010 Received Revised Manuscript: 05/04/2011 Accepted: 26/04/2011     Background and Objectives : In this study, the effect of Anethum graveolens L. extract on pentylenetetrazol- (PTZ) induced seizures was investigated.   Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 110 male mice were included. Firstly, the maximum non-lethal doses for aqueous and alcoholic extract of Anethum graveolens L. were determined. Three doses of aqueous (250, 400, and 500 mg/kg) and four doses of alcoholic extracts (250, 1000, 2500, and 3500 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected 30 minutes before PTZ injection. All doses were lower than the non-lethal dose Seizure stage 1 latency (S1L), seizure stage 5 latency (S5L) and dead time latency (DTL) were recorded after PTZ injection in both control and treatment groups. One-way and two way ANOVA were applied for comparing the results of this study.   Results: Aqueous extract of Anethum graveolens L . at 500 mg/kg increased S1L, S5L and DTL significantly (p<0.01, p<0.05 and p<0.01 respectively). Concentration of 400 mg/kg was able to markedly increase only S1L and DTL (p<0.05 and p<0.01 respectively) and Concentration or 250 mg/kg had no any effects.   Injection of the alcoholic extract at concentrations of 1000, 2500 and 3500 mg increased S1L, S5L and DTL significantly. However, concentration of 250 mg/kg significantly increased only S1L and DTL (p<0.05 and p<0.01 respectively). There was no significant between aqueous and alcoholic extract except in DTL.   Conclusion: The results indicated that the aqueous and alcoholic extractions of Anethum graveolens L. possibly have protective effects on nervous system and also decrease seizure induced by PTZ.   Key words: Seizure, Epilepsy, Pentylenetetrazol, Anethum graveolens, Mice     Funding: This research was funded by Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences.   Conflict of interest: None declared.   Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences approved the study.     How to cite this article : Mohammadzadeh M, Pajhhan A, Mirnajafizadeh S.J, Rakhshani M.H. Effects of the Aqueous and Alcoholic Extracts of Anethum Graveolens L (dill) on Pentylenetetrazol-induced Seizures in Male Mice. J Rafsanjan Univ Med scie 2012 11(1): 47-56. [Farsi]       [1] - Assistant Prof., Dept. of Physiology, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran   (Corresponding Author) (0571) 4446070, Fax:(0571) 4445648, E-mail: mohamad1353@gmail.com   [2] - Prof., Dept. of Physiology, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehranl, Iran   [3] - Academic Member, Dept. of Statistics, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran 1290 زیست شناسی Investigation of the Antioxidant Activities and Determination of the Phenol Content of Fractional Extracts of Iranian Medicinal Mushroom Phellinus torulosus Hokmollahi F. Rafati H. Riahi H. Hakimi M.H. Heydari H. Haghirosadat F. Azimzade M. Frotan A. Mossazade S.A. 1 4 2012 11 1 55 66 14 03 2012   Background and Objectives: Phellinu s Quel is a large and widely distributed genus of the family Hymenochaetaceae under the class of Basidiomycetes with more than 359 species. The Phellinu s species have anticancer, antioxidant and antibacterial effects . Hitherto, 12 Phellinus species have been reported from the north of Iran. Due to their great medicinal effects and lack of investigation on Iranian species , this study was performed to investigate the host dispersal behaviour, macro- and micro-morphological properties of the species, and antioxidant activities. using the total methanol extract and it’s fractional extracts (chloroform, butanol and water extracts).   Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the macro- and micro-morphological properties of the species were determined using the total methanol extract and it’s fractional extracts (chloroform, butanol and water extracts). The antioxidant assays were then performed. The radical scavenging capacity of fractional extracts of this fungus were evaluated by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and Ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Also, the total phenol content (TPC) of each extract was measured using Folin-Ciocalteau method.   Results: The results indicated that the total methanol extract showed a significant antioxidant activity. Further fractionation indicated that the butanol fraction had a stronger activity than the total methanolic extract in both antioxidant assays. The effective concentrations of the different extracts (total methanol, chloroform, butanol and water), for scavenging of 50% of generated radicals (IC50), was 30.87±2.07, 87.22±2.56, 11.98±0.32 and 229.67±0.94 µg/ml, respectively.   Conclusion: The results showed that different extracts, especially butanol extract have high antioxidant activities which indicate the presence of active components in this fraction. Considering these great antioxidant effects and its low expense , it is recommended to use this fungus in more clinical trial researches and drug manufacturing industry.   Key words : Phellinus, Antioxidant effects, Phenolic compounds, Medicinal mushroom, Native of Iran     Funding : This research was founded by Shaheed Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.   Conflict of interest: None declared.   Ethical approval: None declared.     How to cite this article: Hokmollahi F, Rafati H, Riahi H, Hakimi MH, Heydari H, Haghirosadat F, et al. Investigation of the Antioxidant activity and determination of total phenol content of medicinal mushroom, Phellinus torulosus fractional extracts from Iran. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2011 57-69. [Farsi] 1292 Statistics; Epidemiology Prevalence of Depression and Its Relation with Their Performance in Larestan Rural Health Workers in 2010 Dehghan A. Ghavami L. Ghahramani F. Bazrafshan M.R. Namavar S. 1 4 2012 11 1 79 84 14 03 2012   Background and Objectives : Depression is one of the most common mood disorder. On of the most important complications of this disease is loss of interst in activity. The aim of this study deals to depression in rural health workers in larestan and its relation with their performance.   Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study. The study population were include 99 rural health workers that working in larestan. They were participated conscious in the study. For data collect used a personal information and Beck Questionnaire. Also performance was measured by one Checklist supplied by the health experts. X2, Mann Withny, Spearman correlation coefficient and Linear regression were used.   Results: The prevalence of depression in rural health workers was 43.43%. Prevalence of depression in woman and single rural health workers was more than male and married rural health workers (P<0.05). Average performance scores in depressed health workers was 44.21±17.72 and other health workers was 57.84±17.46 (p<0.05) . Also, Linier Regression analysis showed that depression has an impact on the performance of health workers .   Conclusion: This study, showed that many of rural health workers have depression symptoms and this depression affects negative effect on their performances. And should effort to remove depression symptom in this group that will lead to better performance and will be to community health promotion.   Key word: Depression, Rural health workers, Beck test , prevalence     Funding: This research was funded by larestan health center.   Conflict of Interest: None declared .   Ethical approval: The Ethics committee of Shiraz University of Medical Science approved this study.     How to cite this article : Dehgha A, Ghavami L, Ghahramani F, Bazrafshan M.R, Namavar S. Prevalence of Depression and Its Relation with Their Performance in Larestan Rural Health Workers in 2010 . J Rafsanjan Univ Med scie 2012 11(1): 81-6. [Farsi] 3210 Environmental Health Compliance with Standard Precautions among Nursing Care Workers Asadpour M. Ghofranipour F. Eftekhar Ardebili H. Niknami Sh. Hajizadeh E. 1 4 2012 11 1 85 92 12 03 2016 12 03 2016 Background and Objectives: Healthcare workers are at risk for occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens, including hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus via blood or bodily fluids. Accordingly, the standard precautions should be implemented in health-threatening circumstances. The purpose of this study was to improving compliance with the standard precautions among nursing care workers in the hospitals of Rafsanjan city. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, all 91 hospital nurses working at the hospitals of Rafsanjan city were included. Pre-designed questionnaires were distributed to the participants before, shortly after and 6 months after the training courses presented as group discussion, problem-based learning,  pamphlets and booklets. Data was analyzed by Friedman and repeated measure ANOVA. Results: Results showed that the mean age of the participants was 35.93±7.91. The mean scores of knowledge related to the standard precautions before, shortly after and 6 month after the training intervention were 22.60±3.16, 26.05±1.28 and 26.17±1.15 respectively.  Mean scores of attitude for these three time series were 44.28±4.41, 50.84±3.98 and 50.93±3.79 and finally these values for the compliance behavior were 30.77±4.84, 33.26±2.17 and 33.41±2.25 respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that training intervention had a positive effect on knowledge, attitude and compliance behavior of the nurses regarding the standard precautions. These findings may be applicable for development of similar training programs. Key words: Promotion of behavior, Standard precaution, Nursing care workers, Educational intervention Funding: This study was supported by Research institute for Islamic & Complementry Medicine of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Conflict of interest: None declared. Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Research institute for Islamic & Complementry Medicine of Tehran University of Medical Sciences approved the study. How to cite this article: Asadpour M, Ghofranipour F, Eftekhar Ardebili H, Niknami Sh, Hajizadeh E. Compliance with Standard Precautions among Nursing Care Workers: Short Repor. J Rafsanjan Univ Med scie 2012; 11(1): 85-92. [Farsi]