Showing 4 results for Ghaffarian
A. Taheri Fard, H. Ahmadinia, M. Kafi, M. Sheikh Fathollahi, A. Ghaffarian, M. Rezaeian,
Volume 18, Issue 10 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Exposure to welding gases can cause problems and illnesses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the pulmonary, renal and hepatic status of welders in Rafsanjan city.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 78 welders in Rafsanjan city in 2018. To examine the pulmonary, renal and hepatic status of welders, besides using a checklist, a total of 43 participants got laboratory tests, and the results were reported as descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, number and percent).
Results: According to the checklist data, 17 (21.8%) of welders had at least one respiratory problem, 10 (12.8%) of welders had kidney disease, and one of them had liver disease. Also, aspartate aminotransferase of 2 participants (4.6%) and alanine aminotransferase 7 participants (16.2%) were higher than normal. 6 participants (35.3%) from those who had respiratory problems and 30 participants (35.3%) from those who had not respiratory problems reported using mask.
Conclusion: According to the results, welders' use of mask seems to be effective in reducing respiratory problems, although this finding was not statistically significant.
Key words: Welding, Pulmonary disease, Renal disease, Hepatic disease, Rafsanjan
Funding: This research was funded by Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: The Study was approved by Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (IR.rums.REC.1394.134.)
How to cite this article: Taheri Fard A, Ahmadinia H, Kafi M, Sheikh Fathollahi M, Ghaffarian A, Rezaeian M. The Study of Pulmonary, Renal and Hepatic Status in Door and Window Welders in Rafsanjan in 2018: A Short Report. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2020; 18 (10): 1065-72. [Farsi]
A. Ghaffarian Bahraman, A. R. Taherifard, M. Rezaeian,
Volume 20, Issue 7 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Although breast milk is a complete food for the newborn development, it can also be an important route for the exposure to lead. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to explore the status of lead in Iranian mothers’ milk, and also to identify its affecting factors.
Materials and Methods: In the present systematic review, the databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scientific Information Database (SID), Iran Medex, and Magiran were searched to find the relevant articles upto 2020. After completing the search, the articles were evaluated according to a pre-prepared checklist.
Results: A total of 10 studies were included in our study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The highest mean of lead concentration in milk was related to mothers living in Hamadan and Tehran provinces, while the lowest was related to Kordestan province. Among the factors studied, maternal age, parity, employment, and the use of lipstick were significantly related to concentration of lead in breast milk.
Conclusion: It seems that increasing health care to reduce the exposure of pregnant and lactating mothers to lead should be seriously pursued by health policy-makers. It is also necessary to conduct more extensive studies to clarify the situation of infants exposed to lead through breast milk in the other areas of the country.
Key words: Lead, Toxic metals, Breast milk, Iran
Funding: This study did not have any funds.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: Not applicable.
How to cite this article: Ghaffarian Bahraman A, Taherifard AR, Rezaeian M. Status of Lead in Iranian Mothers' Milk: A Systematic Review. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2021; 20 (7): 817-34. [Farsi]
Ali Ghaffarian Bahraman, Mohsen Rezaeian,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Exposure to lead and its effects on children's health is one of the most important and widespread concerns of human societies today. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic study was to evaluate blood lead levels in Iranian children.
Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Iran Medex databases were comprehensively searched for papers published from 2005 to the end of October 2021. Studies that reported blood lead levels in Iranian children were collected. Then the articles were evaluated according to a pre-prepared checklist.
Results: Of a total of 143 articles found in the initial search, 13 studies were included in our systematic review. The lowest and highest mean blood lead levels were 0.65 micrograms per deciliter in Abadan and 57.1 micrograms per deciliter in Mashhad, respectively. In three studies conducted in Mashhad and Isfahan, blood lead levels were reported to be higher than 5 Micrograms per deciliter in all children studied. The level of education of the father, the use of canned food, the habit of eating soil by the child, damage to the paint of the house, and the reduction of blood iron levels were the effective factors in increasing the blood lead levels in Iranian children.
Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of blood lead samples above 5 micrograms per deciliter in some studies, reducing the exposure to lead should be seriously pursued by health policy makers and health systems.
Key words: Blood lead levels, Children, Iran, Systematic review
Funding: This study did not have any funds.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: None applicable.
How to cite this article: Ghaffarian Bahraman Ali, Rezaeian Mohsen. Evaluation of Blood Lead Levels in Iranian Children: A Systematic Review. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2022; 21 (02): 221-44. [Farsi]
Mohsen Rezaeian, Maryam Mohamadi, Ali Ghaffarian-Bahraman,
Volume 23, Issue 6 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Smokeless tobacco products pose a complex and widespread public health challenge. Among various types of smokeless tobacco products, Nass (Naswar) is considered the most important type of this product in Iran. In this study, we investigated the level of toxic metal of cadmium in samples of Nass used in Rafsanjan City.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 26 samples of Nass were randomly collected from the urban area of Rafsanjan in the summer 2022. After the initial preparation, atomic absorption spectroscopy was used for the analysis of cadmium levels in the samples. Independent t-test was applied to evaluate the difference in the mean level of metals in the samples.
Results: The results of the present study indicate the presence of cadmium in all samples under investigation. The average level of cadmium in all samples under study was 2.98±0.58 µg/g and the range of variation of cadmium levels was between 1.25 and 3.70 µg/g. Although the difference in cadmium levels in light brown samples compared to green samples was not significant, its level in bulk samples (3.3±0.30 µg/g) was significantly higher than packaged samples (2.8±0.58 µg/g) (p=0.01).
Conclusion: The present study is the first study on the level of cadmium contamination in Nass samples available in the Iranian market. The results of the current study indicate a potential risk of exposure to cadmium through the consumption of Nass among Iranian consumers. Therefore, increasing public awareness is recommended to reduce the use of Nass.
Keywords: Cadmium, Toxic metals, Naswar, Smokeless tobacco, Rafsanjan
Funding: This study was funded by Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical considerations: The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences approved the study (IR.RUMS.REC.1401.060).
Authors’ contributions:
- Conceptualization: Ali Ghaffarian-Bahraman, Mohsen Rezaeian
- Methodology: Ali Ghaffarian-Bahraman
- Data collectioin: Ali Ghaffarian-Bahraman
- Formal analysis: Ali Ghaffarian-Bahraman, Maryam Mohamadi
- Supervision: Mohsen Rezaeian
- Project administration: Ali Ghaffarian-Bahraman
- Writing – original draft: Ali Ghaffarian-Bahraman, Maryam Mohamadi
- Writing – review & editing: Mohsen Rezaeian
Citation: Rezaeian M, Mohamadi M, Ghaffarian-Bahraman A. Investigation of Cadmium Levels in Nass (Naswar) Samples Consumed in the City of Rafsanjan in the Summer 2022: A Descritive Study. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2024; 23 (6): 541-51. [Farsi]
