Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences

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Background and Objective: Pulmonary tuberculosis is common and lower lung field tuberculosis is an atypical presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis, which often causes confusion in diagnosis. Its incidence has been increased worldwide with more cases of AIDS. This study was designed to identify the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis, in different clinical conditions, its common clinical and radiological presentations, Asid Fast Bacilli (AFB) status, and the outcome of treatment.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross- sectional study. All pulmonary tuberculosis patients referred to Nikoopoor clinic (YAZD) were included in the study (217 patients) for routine evaluation, especially, sputum for AFB, blood sugar, HIV testing, and CXR investigations.
Results: From 217 patients, 19.81% had lower lung field tuberculosis. Female patients 21.8%  were affected more than male 17.75%, 41.86% aged >60 years. Unilateral involvement was more common (52%) and the right side was more frequently affected (60%). Consolidation (47%) and cavitations (26%) were the main radiological findings.
Conclusion: Lower lung field tuberculosis is fairly common in Yazd (central region of Iran). Its clinical presentation is similar to classical upper lung field tuberculosis and short course chemotherapy has equall effect as similar as standard therapy.
Key words: Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Lower Lung Field, Radiography

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Background and Objectives: Working length determination is one of the most important factors in successful root canal treatment; therefore, this study was carried out to compare conventional (E-speed) and digital (CMOS) radiographies in determining the working length of the root canals of mandibular molar teeth.

Materials and Methods: In this ex-vivo study, 25 permanent mandibular double-root first molar teeth were selected and then access cavities were prepared. In order to determine the real working length of the roots, the number 15K-files were transferred into the canals. After placing each sample in the socket of the teeth, conventional and digital radiographies were performed and the distance between the leveled cusp tip and the file tip were measured in conventional radiography and CMOS images by a caliper with an accuracy of 0.01mm and software, respectively. The data was analyzed using Greenhouse-Geisser, paired t-test and simple linear regression.

Results: According to the findings of this study, there was no significant difference between the accuracy of conventional radiography and digital radiography (CMOS) in determining the working length of the root canals of mandibular first molar teeth with less than 25˚ curve (p>0.05). However, in roots with more than 25˚ curve, the working length of root canal was higher in the digital radiography (CMOS) compared to the conventional radiography (E-speed) (p=0.001and p=0.004, respectively).

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that digital CMOS radiography can be used to measure working length of root canals with mild curvature. However, in teeth with high curvature, it would be better to use conventional radiography to estimate the working length.

Key words: Working length; Conventional radiography; Digital CMOS radiography; Mandibular first molar

Funding: There was no fund for this article.

Conflict of interest: None declared.

Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences approved the study.

How to cite this article: Tafakhori Z, Eftekharinia M, Jahanbakhsh J. Comparing the Accuracy of Conventional (E-Speed) and Digital (Cmos) Radiographies in Estimation of the Working Length of Root Canals of Mandibular Molar Teeth J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2016; 15(7): 635-44. [Farsi]

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Background and ObjectiveRadiographic examination has an important role in diagnosis and treatment of periodontal patients, so this study was performed to determine the accuracy of digital bite wing (CMOS) radiography in alveolar bone resorption.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 61 teeth of 16 periodontal patients referred to the periodontoloy department of Rafsanjan Faculty of Dentistry. The patients were selected using available sampling. The patients were examined by a periodontist and the distance of Cemento Enamel Junction (CEJ) to the alveolar crest, after injection if needed, was measured by William’s periodontal probe with accuracy of 1 mm, in mesial and distal surfaces of the premolars and first molars. Then digital bite wing radiography was taken from the patients and the mentioned distance was determined by CMOS linear software analysis program by an oral radiologist. Data were analyzed using paired t- test and simple linear regression.

• The results showed that the mean of alveolar bone resorption (mm) in CMOS radiography is significantly less than clinical examination (p<0.001). By simple linear regression model, the mean of alveolar bone resorption (mm) in clinical examination, is predictable from the amount of alveolar bone resorption on CMOS radiography with accuracy of more than 99%.
• Digital bite wing radiography (CMOS) measures the mean of interproximal alveolar bone resorption in posterior teeth less than clinical examination, but regarding the high accuracy of CMOS radiography measures (more than 99%) in predicting probe depth, it might be possible to apply this radiography in detecting the interdental alveolar bone loss of posterior teeth.

Key words: Bone loss, Digital bite wing radiography (CMOS), Probing, Rafsanjan

Funding: This study was funded by research deputy of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.

Conflict of interest: None declared.

Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences approval the study.

How to cite this article: Tafakhori Z, Doostaki S, Sheikh Fatholahi M, Seyedebrahimi Nejad MS. Evaluation the Accuracy of Digital Bitewing Radiography (CMOS) in Detection of Interdental Alveolar Bone Loss in Posterior Teeth. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2017; 15(10): 967-76. [Farsi]

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Background and Objectives: Due to the increasing use of ionizing radiation, this study aimed to investigate the radiation dose of students during their hospital internship course.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the radiation dose received by radiology students during their hospital internship course at Imam Khomeini Medical Center in 2023 was investigated using a packet dosimeter. A total of 182 patients were radiographed with 363 exposures using different technical factors. The background radiation dose rate was measured using a Geiger dosimeter. The radiation dose limit for each training session and the annual radiation exposure of students were calculated. A one-sample t-test was used to analyze the data.
Results: The average cumulative effective dose for students in each training session was 0.021 mSv, and the annual radiation exposure was calculated to be 1.05 mSv, which is below the dose threshold for radiation workers.
Conclusion: The dose received by the students is within the annual threshold of exposure for the general public. However, it is necessary for them to use a personal dosimeter device like other radiation workers.
Key words: Radiography, Internship, Students, Radiation Dosimetry

Funding: This study was funded by Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical considerations: The Ethics Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences approved the study (IR.MAZUMS.REC.1402.460).
Authors’ contributions:
 -Conceptualization: Gholamreza Fallahmohammadi
-Methodology: Gholamreza Fallahmohammadi
-Data collection: Amir Saemian, Mobina Darbayar
-Formal analysis: Gholamreza Fallahmohammadi
 -Supervision: Gholamreza Fallahmohammadi
- Project administration: Gholamreza Fallahmohammadi
- Writing – original draft: Gholamreza Fallahmohammadi, Amir Saemian, Mobina Darbayar
- Writing – review & editing: Gholamreza Fallahmohammadi