Volume 24, Issue 6 (9-2025)
JRUMS 2025, 24(6): 539-554 |
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Ethics code: IR:IAU.AHVAZ.REC.1403.338
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Baghbanzadeh M, Safarzadeh S, Hafezi F, Dashtbozorgi Z. Explaining the Relationships between Childhood Trauma and Quality of Relationships with Parents and Gender Dysphoria Disorder in Female Adolescents with the Mediating Role of Rumination: A Descriptive Study. JRUMS 2025; 24 (6) :539-554
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URL: http://journal.rums.ac.ir/article-1-7704-en.html
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Explaining the Relationships between Childhood Trauma and Quality of Relationships with Parents and Gender Dysphoria Disorder in Female Adolescents with the Mediating Role of Rumination: A Descriptive Study
Maryam Baghbanzadeh[1], Sahar Safarzadeh[2], Fariba Hafezi[3], Zahra Dashtbozorgi[4]
Received: 25/03/25 Sent for Revision: 01/06/25 Received Revised Manuscript: 02/08/25 Accepted: 09/08/25
Background and Objectives: Gender dysphoria in adolescence can cause a significant disruption in social, academic, and other areas of an individual’s life. The present study aimed at explaining the relationship between childhood truma and the quality of relationship with parents and gender dysphoria mediated by rumination in adolescent girls.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive study includes all adolescent girls aged 13 to 18 in Ahvaz City. The sample size in this research was 316 subjects who were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling method in the 2024-2025 academic year. The research instruments were the Gender Identity/Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire by Deogracias (2007), the Parent-Child Relationship Quality Questionnaire by Fine and Schwebel (1983), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire by Bernstein (2003). Data analysis was performed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method.
Results: The findings showed that the total path coefficients between the quality of relationship with parents (p=0.001, β=0.437), childhood trauma (p=0.001, β=0.514), and rumination (p=0.001, β=0.461) and gender dysphoria were significant. Moreover, the indirect path coefficients between the quality of relationship with parents (p=0.001, β=0.202) and childhood trauma (p=0.001, β=0.146) and gender dysphoria through rumination were also significant.
Conclusion: Rumination in adolescent girls mediates the relationship between quality of relationship with parents and childhood trauma and gender dysphoria. Therefore, mental health professionals should develop programs in the field of prevention and intervention in gender dysphoria for parents and adolescents.
Keywords: Childhood trauma, Parents, Gender dysphoria, Rumination, Adolescents
Funding: This study did not have any funds.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical considerations: The Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch of Medical Sciences, approved the study (IAU.AHVAZ.REC.1403.338).
Authors’ contributions:
- Conceptualization: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
- Methodology: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
- Data collection: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
- Formal analysis: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
- Supervision: Sahar Safarzadeh, Fariba Hafezi, Zahra Dashtbozorgi
- Project administration: Sahar Safarzadeh
- Writing – original draft: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
- Writing – review & editing: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
Maryam Baghbanzadeh[1], Sahar Safarzadeh[2], Fariba Hafezi[3], Zahra Dashtbozorgi[4]
Received: 25/03/25 Sent for Revision: 01/06/25 Received Revised Manuscript: 02/08/25 Accepted: 09/08/25
Background and Objectives: Gender dysphoria in adolescence can cause a significant disruption in social, academic, and other areas of an individual’s life. The present study aimed at explaining the relationship between childhood truma and the quality of relationship with parents and gender dysphoria mediated by rumination in adolescent girls.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive study includes all adolescent girls aged 13 to 18 in Ahvaz City. The sample size in this research was 316 subjects who were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling method in the 2024-2025 academic year. The research instruments were the Gender Identity/Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire by Deogracias (2007), the Parent-Child Relationship Quality Questionnaire by Fine and Schwebel (1983), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire by Bernstein (2003). Data analysis was performed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method.
Results: The findings showed that the total path coefficients between the quality of relationship with parents (p=0.001, β=0.437), childhood trauma (p=0.001, β=0.514), and rumination (p=0.001, β=0.461) and gender dysphoria were significant. Moreover, the indirect path coefficients between the quality of relationship with parents (p=0.001, β=0.202) and childhood trauma (p=0.001, β=0.146) and gender dysphoria through rumination were also significant.
Conclusion: Rumination in adolescent girls mediates the relationship between quality of relationship with parents and childhood trauma and gender dysphoria. Therefore, mental health professionals should develop programs in the field of prevention and intervention in gender dysphoria for parents and adolescents.
Keywords: Childhood trauma, Parents, Gender dysphoria, Rumination, Adolescents
Funding: This study did not have any funds.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical considerations: The Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch of Medical Sciences, approved the study (IAU.AHVAZ.REC.1403.338).
Authors’ contributions:
- Conceptualization: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
- Methodology: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
- Data collection: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
- Formal analysis: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
- Supervision: Sahar Safarzadeh, Fariba Hafezi, Zahra Dashtbozorgi
- Project administration: Sahar Safarzadeh
- Writing – original draft: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
- Writing – review & editing: Maryam Baghbanzadeh, Sahar Safarzadeh
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Citation: Baghbanzadeh M, Safarzadeh S, Hafezi F, Dashtbozorgi Z. Explaining the Relationships Between Childhood Trauma and Quality of Relationships with Parents and Gender Dysphoria Disorder in Female Adolescents with the Mediating Role of Rumination: A Descriptive Study. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2025; 24 (6): 539-54. [Farsi].
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[1]- PhD Student Dept. of Psychology, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
[2]- Assistant Professor, Dept. of Psychology, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
(Corresponding Author): Tel: ( 09163049476), E-mail: s.safarzadeh1152@iau.ac.ir
(Corresponding Author): Tel: ( 09163049476), E-mail: s.safarzadeh1152@iau.ac.ir
[3]- Associate Professor, Dept. of Psychology, Ahv.C., .Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
[4]- Assistant Professor, Dept. of Psychology, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
Type of Study: Description |
Subject:
Psychiatry
Received: 2025/03/24 | Accepted: 2025/08/4 | Published: 2025/09/19
Received: 2025/03/24 | Accepted: 2025/08/4 | Published: 2025/09/19
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