Background and Objective: Phenolic acids, polyphenols and
flavonoids are antioxidant compounds, which act as cell protective factors
against oxidative stress by trapping and inhibition of free radicals, play an
important role in plants and animals health. In this research, in order to
optimize extraction of antioxidant compounds, phenolic and flavonoid contents
and antioxidant
activity of Scutellaria pinnatifida aerial part were determined.
Materials and Methods: Dried powder of aerial part from two populations, Dizin and Kojur, was
extracted with ethanol 80%, methanol 80%, water and ethyl acetate, by two
soaking and sonication methods. Then, the contents of total phenolic and
flavonoid compounds were assayed by spectrophotometric methods. Antioxidant
activity of the extracts were analyzed by two tests: free radical scavenging
activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and bleaching
β-carotene in linoleic acid system. Statistical analysis of the data was
performed by One-way and two-way ANOVA to compare the means.
Results: The highest content of total phenol and flavonoid (8 and 24 mg/g
Shoot dry weight, respectively) was obtained by soaking method and ethanolic
extraction in Kojur population. While in Dizin population with the same
extraction techniques, the contents of the mentioned compounds were at very low
levels (5.6 and 1.6 mg/g DW, respectively). IC50 value of the
ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous extracts
were estimated about 0.1- 1.2 mg/ml in the Kojur population. The phenolic and
flavonoid contents of these extracts were significantly higher than ethyl
acetate extracts. With the exception of aqueous extract prepared by soaking,
scavenging capacity of DPPH free radicals by different extracts of Dizin
population was considerably lower than the Kojour population. The antioxidant assay
results obtained from
beta-carotene-linoleic acid test showed that the highest inhibition percentage
of lipid peroxidation resulted from aqueous extracts prepared by ultrasonic
waves (respectively 93% and 50% inhibition by extracts of the Kojour and Dizin
populations).
Conclusion: The means of total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the
extracts were significantly different under the influence of three factors:
population, extraction method and solvent. The highest antioxidant activity was
observed in Kojur population: by soaking methanolic extraction method in DPPH
test or by sonicate aqueous extraction method in the inhibition of lipid
peroxidation test.
Key word: Antioxidant Activity, Extraction Method, Phenolic
and Flavonoid Assay, Scutellaria pinnatifida
Funding: This research was funded by Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
How to
cite this article: Saboura A, Ahmadi A,
Zeynali A, Parsa M. Comparison Between the Contents of Phenolic and Flavonoid
Compounds and Aerial Part Antioxidant Activity in Scutellaria pinnatifida in Two NorthIranian Populations. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2014 13(3): 249-66. Farsi
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